| US approach to jaundice in infants and children. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 10682780 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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High-resolution real-time ultrasonography (US) serves as an important tool for differentiation of obstructive and nonobstructive causes of jaundice in infants and children, independent of liver function. Unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia occurs in approximately 60% of normal term infants and in 80% of preterm infants. Persistence of neonatal jaundice beyond 2 weeks of age demands US evaluation to differentiate between the three most common causes: hepatitis, biliary atresia, and choledochal cyst. In all three conditions, the hepatic echotexture is diffusely coarse and hyperechoic, but this appearance may be seen in a variety of hepatic inflammatory, obstructive, and metabolic processes. Thus, hepatic scintigraphy and at times percutaneous liver biopsy are necessary to narrow the differential diagnosis and to identify patients who require more invasive techniques (eg, intraoperative cholangiography). US is useful for demonstrating inspissated bile and biliary duct stones. In infants, stones are usually secondary to obstructive congenital anomalies of the biliary tract, total parenteral nutrition, furosemide treatment, phototherapy, dehydration, infection, hemolytic anemia, and short-gut syndrome, whereas in older children, stones are usually associated with sickle cell disease, bowel resection, hemolytic anemia, and choledochal cyst. Jaundice in infants and children may also be due to cirrhosis, benign strictures, and neoplastic processes. |
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Authors:
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J A Gubernick; H K Rosenberg; H Ilaslan; A Kessler |
Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Review |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Radiographics : a review publication of the Radiological Society of North America, Inc Volume: 20 ISSN: 0271-5333 ISO Abbreviation: Radiographics Publication Date: 2000 Jan-Feb |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2000-03-03 Completed Date: 2000-03-03 Revised Date: 2005-11-16 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 8302501 Medline TA: Radiographics Country: UNITED STATES |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 173-95 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Department of Radiology, Albert Einstein Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA 19141-3098, USA. |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Biliary Atresia
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complications,
ultrasonography Child Choledochal Cyst / complications, ultrasonography Cholelithiasis / complications, ultrasonography Diagnosis, Differential Hepatitis / complications, ultrasonography Humans Infant Infant, Newborn Jaundice / etiology, ultrasonography* Liver Cirrhosis / complications, ultrasonography Liver Neoplasms / complications, ultrasonography Reproducibility of Results Ultrasonography, Doppler* |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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