| Trophoblast-mediated spiral artery remodelling: a role for apoptosis. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 19215319 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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In the first 20 weeks of pregnancy a number of important changes take place in the maternal uterine vasculature. Vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells are lost from the spiral arteries and are replaced by fetal trophoblast cells. The resulting increase in blood flow to the intervillous space ensures that the fetus receives the nutrients and respiratory gases required for growth. Failure of the vessels to remodel sufficiently is a common feature of pregnancy pathologies such as early pregnancy loss, intrauterine growth restriction and pre-eclampsia. Although there is evidence to suggest that some vascular changes occur prior to trophoblast invasion, it is clear that in the absence of trophoblast invasion the remodelling of the spiral arteries is reduced. The cellular and molecular mechanisms by which trophoblasts influence vessel structure have been little studied. Trophoblasts synthesize and release a plethora of cytokines and growth factors including members of the tumour necrosis factor family such as tumour necrosis factor alpha, Fas-ligand and tumour necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand. Recent studies suggest that these factors may be important in regulating the remodelling process by inducing both endothelial cell and vascular smooth muscle cell apoptosis. |
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Authors:
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Guy St J Whitley; Judith E Cartwright |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review Date: 2009-02-09 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Journal of anatomy Volume: 215 ISSN: 1469-7580 ISO Abbreviation: J. Anat. Publication Date: 2009 Jul |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2009-06-30 Completed Date: 2010-05-19 Revised Date: 2011-08-01 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 0137162 Medline TA: J Anat Country: England |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 21-6 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Centre for Developmental and Endocrine Signalling, Division of Basic Medical Sciences, St George's University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London, UK. g.whitley@sgul.ac.uk |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Apoptosis
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physiology* Decidua / physiology Endothelium, Vascular / cytology, physiology Female Humans Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / cytology, physiology Pregnancy Trophoblasts / physiology* Uterine Artery / embryology*, physiology |
| Grant Support | |
ID/Acronym/Agency:
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069939//Wellcome Trust |
| Comments/Corrections | |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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