| Troglitazone. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 20020270 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Troglitazone was the first thiazolidinedione antidiabetic agent approved for clinical use in 1997, but it was withdrawn from the market in 2000 due to serious idiosyncratic hepatotoxicity. Troglitazone contains the structure of a unique chroman ring of vitamin E, and this structure has the potential to undergo metabolic biotransformation to form quinone metabolites, phenoxy radical intermediate, and epoxide species. Although troglitazone has been shown to induce apoptosis in various hepatic and nonhepatic cells, the involvement of reactive metabolites in the troglitazone cytotoxicity is controversial. Numerous toxicological tests, both in vivo and in vitro, have been used to try to predict the toxicity, but no direct mechanism has been demonstrated that can explain the hepatotoxicity that occurred in some individuals. This chapter summarizes the proposed mechanisms of troglitazone hepatotoxicity based in vivo and in vitro studies. Many factors have been proposed to contribute to the mechanism underlying this idiosyncratic toxicity. |
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Authors:
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Tsuyoshi Yokoi |
Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Review |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Handbook of experimental pharmacology Volume: - ISSN: 0171-2004 ISO Abbreviation: Handb Exp Pharmacol Publication Date: 2010 |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2009-12-18 Completed Date: 2010-03-11 Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 7902231 Medline TA: Handb Exp Pharmacol Country: Germany |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 419-35 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Drug Metabolism and Toxicology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan. tyokoi@kenroku.kanazawa-u.ac.jp |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Biotransformation Chromans / adverse effects*, metabolism Drug Hypersensitivity / etiology*, genetics, immunology, metabolism Drug-Induced Liver Injury / etiology*, genetics, immunology, metabolism Humans Hypoglycemic Agents / adverse effects*, metabolism Liver / drug effects*, immunology, metabolism Membrane Transport Proteins / drug effects, metabolism MicroRNAs / metabolism Mitochondria, Liver / drug effects, metabolism Risk Factors Thiazolidinediones / adverse effects*, metabolism |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Chromans; 0/Hypoglycemic Agents; 0/Membrane Transport Proteins; 0/MicroRNAs; 0/Thiazolidinediones; 97322-87-7/troglitazone |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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