| Trends in community pharmacy counts and closures before and after the implementation of Medicare part D. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 21457309 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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PURPOSE: Medicare Part D provided 3.4 million American seniors with prescription drug insurance. It may also have had an unintended effect on pharmacy viability. This study compares trends in the number of pharmacies and rate of pharmacy closures before and after the implementation of Medicare Part D. METHODS: This retrospective observational study used data from National Council for Prescription Drug Programs (NCPDP) to track retail pharmacy closures and counts between January 2004 and January 2009. Pharmacies were classified by ownership (chain or independent), location (urban or rural), and whether they were the only pharmacy in a community. Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) models were used to examine trends in pharmacy counts and closures. FINDINGS: The number of independent and rural pharmacies decreased significantly after the implementation of Medicare Part D. The number of communities that saw their only pharmacy close also increased. CONCLUSIONS: Unintended consequences of Medicare Part D may serve to reduce patient access to pharmacy services in opposition to the stated goals of the program. |
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Authors:
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Donald G Klepser; Liyan Xu; Fred Ullrich; Keith J Mueller |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. Date: 2010-10-15 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: The Journal of rural health : official journal of the American Rural Health Association and the National Rural Health Care Association Volume: 27 ISSN: 1748-0361 ISO Abbreviation: J Rural Health Publication Date: 2011 |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2011-04-04 Completed Date: 2011-08-25 Revised Date: 2011-09-15 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 8508122 Medline TA: J Rural Health Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 168-75 Citation Subset: IM |
Copyright Information:
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© 2010 National Rural Health Association. |
Affiliation:
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College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-6045, USA. dklepser@unmc.edu |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Health Facility Closure
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trends* Health Services Accessibility Humans Medicare Part D* Pharmacies / supply & distribution* Retrospective Studies Rural Health Services / supply & distribution* United States |
| Grant Support | |
ID/Acronym/Agency:
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1 U1GH07633/GH/COGH CDC HHS; U1CRH03718//PHS HHS |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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