| Treatment of tobacco dependence. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 21912578 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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BACKGROUND: 110 000 to 140 000 people die in Germany each year of tobacco-related diseases. Thus, measures should be taken to lower the number of persons who start smoking, encourage smokers to stop, and keep those who have stopped from starting again, in order to achieve a sustained benefit in public health. METHOD: We present recommendations for the diagnostic evaluation, counseling, psychotherapy, and pharmacotherapy of smokers, derived from the findings of current Cochrane meta-analyses and from the pertinent German-language and American guidelines. RESULTS: Motivational interviewing by a physician, including a recommendation to stop smoking and counseling on how to do this, can reinforce a smoker's motivation to quit. Behavioral therapeutic approaches support changes in behavior, while medical aids such as nicotine replacement therapy, bupropion, and varenicline help former smokers overcome the initial withdrawal symptoms. Low-threshold measures such as self-help books, telephone counseling, and Internet-based cessation programs complement the evidence-based treatments. With a combination of medications and psychotherapeutic support, abstinence rates of up to approximately 40% can be achieved at the end of one year. CONCLUSION: Smokers who decide to quit can benefit from their doctors' support. Physicians should be taught about tobacco dependency and how to treat it as part of their undergraduate medical education, residency training, and continuing medical education. |
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Authors:
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Anil Batra |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review Date: 2011-08-19 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Deutsches Ärzteblatt international Volume: 108 ISSN: 1866-0452 ISO Abbreviation: Dtsch Arztebl Int Publication Date: 2011 Aug |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2011-09-13 Completed Date: 2012-04-06 Revised Date: 2012-04-26 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 101475967 Medline TA: Dtsch Arztebl Int Country: Germany |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 555-64 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Universitätsklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie Sektion Suchtforschung und Suchtmedizin. anil.batra@med.uni-tuebingen.de |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Counseling Humans Psychotherapy Smoking / adverse effects, mortality Smoking Cessation / methods* Tobacco Use Cessation Products Tobacco Use Disorder / rehabilitation* |
| Comments/Corrections | |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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