Document Detail


Trauma and military applications of blood substitutes.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  8087238     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
PURPOSE: To review potential clinical uses of erythrocyte substitutes in treating military battlefield casualties, with specific emphasis on combat injury rates and wounding patterns, resuscitation doctrine and logistic requirements. METHODS: Review of published medical literature and of unclassified documents from the U.S. Armed Forces Blood Program. RESULTS: Hemorrhage is the leading cause of death on the battlefield. Early intervention, with definitive treatment, could save up to 30% of soldiers who are killed in action or who die of wounds. Hemorrhage control and rapid volume expansion in appropriate casualties are the main priorities in pre-hospital resuscitation of battlefield casualties. The role for oxygen-carrying fluids in the initial management of military injuries is undefined; however, erythrocyte substitutes could reduce the logistic requirements for blood in field hospitals. In recent wars, outdating of stored blood resulted in 60-95% of units being discarded: 60% of 1.3 million units in Vietnam and 95% of 120,000 units in the Persian Gulf War. CONCLUSIONS: Safety, long storage life, light unit weight, and tolerance to environmental extremes are all characteristics that are necessary for erythrocyte substitutes to extend or replace the use of stored blood in treating battlefield casualties.
Authors:
J C Bowersox; J R Hess
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Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article; Review    
Journal Detail:
Title:  Artificial cells, blood substitutes, and immobilization biotechnology     Volume:  22     ISSN:  1073-1199     ISO Abbreviation:  Artif Cells Blood Substit Immobil Biotechnol     Publication Date:  1994  
Date Detail:
Created Date:  1994-10-20     Completed Date:  1994-10-20     Revised Date:  2005-11-16    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  9431307     Medline TA:  Artif Cells Blood Substit Immobil Biotechnol     Country:  UNITED STATES    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  145-57     Citation Subset:  IM    
Affiliation:
Letterman Army Institute of Research, Presidio of San Francisco, California 94129-6800.
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Blood Substitutes / therapeutic use*
Disaster Planning
Erythrocyte Transfusion*
Hemorrhage / prevention & control
Humans
War*
Wounds and Injuries / complications,  epidemiology,  etiology,  therapy*
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
0/Blood Substitutes

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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