| Transcriptional regulation of the intestinal luminal Na⁺ and Cl⁻ transporters. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 21726200 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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The epithelial apical membrane Na+/H+ exchangers [NHE (sodium hydrogen exchanger)2 and NHE3] and Cl-/HCO3- exchangers [DRA (down-regulated in adenoma) and PAT-1 (putative anion transporter 1)] are key luminal membrane transporters involved in electroneutral NaCl absorption in the mammalian intestine. During the last decade, there has been a surge of studies focusing on the short-term regulation of these electrolyte transporters, particularly for NHE3 regulation. However, the long-term regulation of the electrolyte transporters, involving transcriptional mechanisms and transcription factors that govern their basal regulation or dysregulation in diseased states, has only now started to unfold with the cloning and characterization of their gene promoters. The present review provides a detailed analysis of the core promoters of NHE2, NHE3, DRA and PAT-1 and outlines the transcription factors involved in their basal regulation as well as in response to both physiological (butyrate, protein kinases and probiotics) and pathophysiological (cytokines and high levels of serotonin) stimuli. The information available on the transcriptional regulation of the recently identified NHE8 isoform is also highlighted. Therefore the present review bridges a gap in our knowledge of the transcriptional mechanisms underlying the alterations in the gene expression of intestinal epithelial luminal membrane Na+ and Cl- transporters involved in electroneutral NaCl absorption. An understanding of the mechanisms of the modulation of gene expression of these transporters is important for a better assessment of the pathophysiology of diarrhoea associated with inflammatory and infectious diseases and may aid in designing better management protocols. |
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Authors:
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Jaleh Malakooti; Seema Saksena; Ravinder K Gill; Pradeep K Dudeja |
Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.; Review |
Journal Detail:
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Title: The Biochemical journal Volume: 435 ISSN: 1470-8728 ISO Abbreviation: Biochem. J. Publication Date: 2011 Apr |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2011-07-05 Completed Date: 2011-09-16 Revised Date: 2013-03-04 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 2984726R Medline TA: Biochem J Country: England |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 313-25 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Section of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago and Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, 820 South Damen Avenue, Chicago, IL 60612, USA. |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Animals Antiporters / genetics, metabolism Chloride-Bicarbonate Antiporters / genetics*, metabolism Gene Expression Regulation Humans Intestinal Mucosa / metabolism* Membrane Transport Proteins / genetics, metabolism Models, Biological Sodium-Hydrogen Antiporter / genetics*, metabolism Transcription, Genetic |
| Grant Support | |
ID/Acronym/Agency:
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DK 33349/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS; DK 54016/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS; DK 74458/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS; DK 81858/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS; P01 DK 067887/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS; R01 DK033349/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Antiporters; 0/Chloride-Bicarbonate Antiporters; 0/Membrane Transport Proteins; 0/SLC26A3 protein, human; 0/SLC26A6 protein, human; 0/Sodium-Hydrogen Antiporter |
| Comments/Corrections | |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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