| Toxicity and cellular responses of intestinal cells exposed to titanium dioxide. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 19618281 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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The increasing use of nanomaterials in healthcare and industrial products heightens the possibility of their ingestion by humans, other mammals, and fish. While toxicity of many nanomaterials has recently been studied, reports of non-lethal effects of nanomaterials remain ill-defined. This study investigates possible pathways by which nanoparticles, titanium dioxide (TiO(2)), could cross the epithelium layer by employing both toxicity and mechanistic studies. This study provides evidence that at 10 microg/mL and above, TiO(2) nanoparticles cross the epithelial lining of the intestinal model by transcytosis, albeit at low levels. TiO(2) was able to penetrate into and through the cells without disrupting junctional complexes, as measured by gamma-catenin. To monitor the epithelial integrity, transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) was employed and determined low concentrations (10 or 100 microg/mL) of TiO(2) do not disrupt epithelial integrity. Live/dead analysis results did not show cell death after exposure to TiO(2). In addition, at 10 microg/mL (and above) TiO(2) nanoparticles begin alteration of both microvillar organization on the apical surface of the epithelium as well as induce a rise in intracellular-free calcium. The latter is a mechanism cells use to respond to extracellular stimuli and may be linked to the alteration of the apical microvilli. Although TiO(2) does not show cell death, the implication of other, non-lethal, effects could lead to undesired outcomes (i.e., disease, malnutrition, shortened life span, etc.). |
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Authors:
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Brian A Koeneman; Yang Zhang; Paul Westerhoff; Yongsheng Chen; John C Crittenden; David G Capco |
Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. Date: 2009-07-18 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Cell biology and toxicology Volume: 26 ISSN: 1573-6822 ISO Abbreviation: Cell Biol. Toxicol. Publication Date: 2010 Jun |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2010-04-28 Completed Date: 2010-05-20 Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 8506639 Medline TA: Cell Biol Toxicol Country: Netherlands |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 225-38 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Cellular and Molecular Biosciences Faculty, School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, PO Box 874501, Tempe, AZ 85287-4501, USA. |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Caco-2 Cells Electric Impedance Humans Intestinal Mucosa / drug effects*, metabolism, pathology Metal Nanoparticles / chemistry, toxicity* Titanium / chemistry, toxicity* Toxicity Tests / methods gamma Catenin / metabolism |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/gamma Catenin; 13463-67-7/titanium dioxide; 7440-32-6/Titanium |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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