| Towards a better understanding of the psychopharmacology of nutmeg: Activities in the mouse tetrad assay. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 19703539 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Nutmeg, the seeds of Myritica fragrans (family Myristicaceae), is a well known kitchen spice with a long-standing reputation as a psychoactive herb. Nutmeg at high doses is considered a cheap substitute to several drugs of abuse. Earlier reports have attributed amphetamine-like activities to nutmeg. AIM OF THE STUDY: To characterize the neuropharmacological effects of different nutmeg extracts, administered orally and intraperitoneally, in comparison to Delta(9)-terahydrocannabinol, amphetamine, and morphine. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Methanolic (ME), dichloromethane (DE), and hexane (HE) extracts were obtained from a chromatographically fingerprinted batch of nutmeg. Biological evaluation was conducted in sets of 6-8 mice in the tetrad assay at doses ranging from 100 to 500 and 500 to 1000 mg/kg for i.p. and oral administration, respectively. RESULTS: While oral administration of all the nutmeg extracts at 500 mg/kg caused a significant increase in locomotor activity, the i.p. administration of DE showed significant reduction in rectal temperature along with a significant increase in tail flick latency at 300 mg/kg. A significant decrease in core body temperature was observed with HE at 100 mg/kg, while higher doses caused significant increases in hot plate latency. CONCLUSION: Different behavioral effects were observed that varied by the type of extract as well as by the route of administration. |
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Authors:
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Abir T El-Alfy; Lisa Wilson; Mahmoud A ElSohly; Ehab A Abourashed |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Comparative Study; Journal Article Date: 2009-08-22 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Journal of ethnopharmacology Volume: 126 ISSN: 1872-7573 ISO Abbreviation: J Ethnopharmacol Publication Date: 2009 Nov |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2009-11-02 Completed Date: 2010-03-23 Revised Date: 2011-09-26 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 7903310 Medline TA: J Ethnopharmacol Country: Ireland |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 280-6 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Pharmacology Department, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, MS 38677, United States. aalfy2001@olemiss.edu |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Amphetamine
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administration & dosage,
pharmacology Animals Behavior, Animal / drug effects* Body Temperature / drug effects* Dose-Response Relationship, Drug Mice Mice, Inbred Strains Morphine / administration & dosage, pharmacology Motor Activity / drug effects* Myristica fragrans / chemistry* Pain Threshold / drug effects* Plant Extracts / administration & dosage, chemistry, pharmacology* Psychopharmacology Rectum / drug effects Seeds Temperature Tetrahydrocannabinol / administration & dosage, pharmacology* |
| Grant Support | |
ID/Acronym/Agency:
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P20 RR021929-027765/RR/NCRR NIH HHS |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Plant Extracts; 1972-08-3/Tetrahydrocannabinol; 300-62-9/Amphetamine; 57-27-2/Morphine |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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