| Topical Azithromycin and Clarithromycin Inhibit Acute and Chronic Skin Inflammation in Sensitized Mice, with Apparent Selectivity for Th2-Mediated Processes in Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 21336676 Owner: NLM Status: Publisher |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Macrolide antibiotics inhibit the secretion of Th1 cytokines while their effects on the release of Th2 cytokines are variable. We investigated molecular and cellular markers of Th1- and Th2-mediated inflammatory mechanisms and the anti-inflammatory activity of azithromycin and clarithromycin in phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and oxazolone (OXA)-induced skin inflammation. Dexamethasone (50 μg/ear), azithromycin, and clarithromycin (500 μg/ear) reduced TNF-α and interleukin (IL)-1β concentration in ear tissue by inhibiting inflammatory cell accumulation in PMA-induced inflammation. In OXA-induced early delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH), the macrolides (2 mg/ear) and dexamethasone (25 μg/ear) reduced ear tissue inflammatory cell infiltration and secretion of IL-4 while clarithromycin also decreased IFN-γ concentration. Macrolides showed better activity when administered after the challenge. In OXA-induced chronic DTH, azithromycin (1 mg/ear) reduced the number of ear tissue mast cells and decreased the concentration of IL-4 in ear tissue and of immunoglobulin (Ig)E in serum. Clarithromycin (1 mg/ear) reduced serum IgE concentration, possibly by a mechanism independent of IL-4, while both macrolides attenuated mast cell degranulation. In conclusion, azithromycin and clarithromycin attenuate pro-inflammatory cytokine production and leukocyte infiltration during innate immune reactions, while selectively affecting Th2 rather than Th1 immunity in DTH reactions. |
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Authors:
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Vanesa Iveti Tkalčevi; Snježana Cuži; Miroslava Dominis Kramari; Michael J Parnham; Vesna Erakovi Haber |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: JOURNAL ARTICLE Date: 2011-2-19 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Inflammation Volume: - ISSN: 1573-2576 ISO Abbreviation: - Publication Date: 2011 Feb |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2011-2-21 Completed Date: - Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 7600105 Medline TA: Inflammation Country: - |
Other Details:
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Languages: ENG Pagination: - Citation Subset: - |
Affiliation:
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Galapagos istraživački centar d.o.o., Prilaz baruna Filipovia 29, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia, Vanesa.IveticTkalcevic@glpg.com. |
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From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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