| Tonometry revisited: perfusion-related, metabolic, and respiratory components of gastric mucosal acidosis in acute cardiorespiratory failure. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 18004228 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Mucosal pH (pHi) is influenced by local perfusion and metabolism (mucosal-arterial pCO2 gradient, DeltapCO2), systemic metabolic acidosis (arterial bicarbonate), and respiration (arterial pCO2). We determined these components of pHi and their relation to outcome during the first 24 h of intensive care. We studied 103 patients with acute respiratory or circulatory failure (age, 63+/-2 [mean+/-SEM]; Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score, 20+/-1; Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score, 8+/-0). pHi, and the effects of bicarbonate and arterial and mucosal pCO2 on pHi, were assessed at admission, 6, and 24 h. pHi was reduced (at admission, 7.27+/-0.01) due to low arterial bicarbonate and increased DeltapCO2. Low pHi (<7.32) at admission (n=58; mortality, 29% vs. 13% in those with pHi>or=7.32 at admission; P=0.061) was associated with an increased DeltapCO2 in 59% of patients (mortality, 47% vs. 4% for patients with low pHi and normal DeltapCO2; P=0.0003). An increased versus normal DeltapCO2, regardless of pHi, was associated with increased mortality at admission (51% vs. 5%; P<0.0001; n=39) and at 6 h (34% vs. 13%; P=0.016; n=45). A delayed normalization or persistently low pHi (n=47) or high DeltapCO2 (n=25) was associated with high mortality (low pHi [34%] vs. high DeltapCO2 [60%]; P=0.046). In nonsurvivors, hypocapnia increased pHi at baseline, 6, and 24 h (all P<or=0.001). In patients with initially normal pHi or DeltapCO2, outcome was not related to subsequent changes in pHi or DeltapCO2. Increased DeltapCO2 during early resuscitation suggests poor tissue perfusion and is associated with high mortality. Arterial bicarbonate contributes more to pHi than the DeltapCO2 but is not associated with mortality. Hyperventilation partly masks mucosal acidosis. Inadequate tissue perfusion may persist despite stable hemodynamics and contributes to poor outcome. |
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Authors:
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Stephan M Jakob; Ilkka Parviainen; Esko Ruokonen; Alexander Kogan; Jukka Takala |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Shock (Augusta, Ga.) Volume: 29 ISSN: 1073-2322 ISO Abbreviation: Shock Publication Date: 2008 May |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2008-05-07 Completed Date: 2008-06-09 Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 9421564 Medline TA: Shock Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 543-8 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland. stephan.jakob@insel.ch |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Acidosis
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diagnosis*,
pathology Bicarbonates / chemistry, metabolism Carbon Dioxide / chemistry Female Gastric Mucosa / pathology* Heart Failure / diagnosis*, pathology* Hemodynamics Humans Hydrogen-Ion Concentration Male Manometry / methods* Perfusion Respiration Time Factors Treatment Outcome |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Bicarbonates; 124-38-9/Carbon Dioxide |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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