| Thyroid cancer-indications and opportunities for positron emission tomography/computed tomography imaging. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 21272686 Owner: NLM Status: In-Data-Review |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Although thyroid cancer is a comparatively rare malignancy, it represents the vast majority of endocrine cancers and its incidence is increasing. Most differentiated thyroid cancers have an excellent prognosis if diagnosed early and treated appropriately. Aggressive histologic subtypes and variants carry a worse prognosis. During the last 2 decades positron emission tomography (PET) and PET/computed tomography (CT), mostly with fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG), has been used increasingly in patients with thyroid cancers. Currently, the most valuable role FDG-PET/CT exists in the work-up of patients with differentiated thyroid cancer status post thyroidectomy who present with increasing thyroglobulin levels and a negative (131)I whole-body scan. FDG-PET/CT is also useful in the initial (post thyroidectomy) staging of high-risk patients with less differentiated (and thus less iodine-avid and clinically more aggressive) subtypes, such as tall cell variant and Hürthle cell carcinoma, but in particular poorly differentiated and anaplastic carcinoma. FDG-PET/CT may help in defining the extent of disease in some patients with medullary thyroid carcinoma and rising postoperative calcitonin levels. However, FDOPA has emerged as an alternate and more promising radiotracer in this setting. In aggressive cancers that are less amenable to treatment with (131)iodine, FDG-PET/CT may help in radiotherapy planning, and in assessing the response to radiotherapy, embolization, or experimental systemic treatments. (124)Iodine PET/CT may serve a role in obtaining lesional dosimetry for better and more rationale planning of treatment with (131)iodine. Thyroid cancer is not a monolithic disease, and different stages and histologic entities require different approaches in imaging and individualized therapy. |
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Authors:
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Tony Abraham; Heiko Schöder |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Seminars in nuclear medicine Volume: 41 ISSN: 1558-4623 ISO Abbreviation: Semin Nucl Med Publication Date: 2011 Mar |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2011-01-28 Completed Date: - Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 1264464 Medline TA: Semin Nucl Med Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 121-38 Citation Subset: IM |
Copyright Information:
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Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. |
Affiliation:
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Department of Nuclear Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY. |
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From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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