| Symmetry breakdown in the ON and OFF pathways of the retina at night: functional implications. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 20668185 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Several recent studies have shown that the ON and OFF channels of the visual system are not simple mirror images of each other, that their response characteristics are asymmetric (Chichilnisky and Kalmar, 2002; Sagdullaev and McCall, 2005). How the asymmetries bear on visual processing is not well understood. Here, we show that ON and OFF ganglion cells show a strong asymmetry in their temporal adaptation to photopic (day) and scotopic (night) conditions and that the asymmetry confers a functional advantage. Under photopic conditions, the ON and OFF ganglion cells show similar temporal characteristics. Under scotopic conditions, the two cell classes diverge-ON cells shift their tuning to low temporal frequencies, whereas OFF cells continue to respond to high. This difference in processing corresponds to an asymmetry in the natural world, one produced by the Poisson nature of photon capture and persists over a broad range of light levels. This work characterizes a previously unknown divergence in the ON and OFF pathways and its utility to visual processing. Furthermore, the results have implications for downstream circuitry and thus offer new constraints for models of downstream processing, since ganglion cells serve as building blocks for circuits in higher brain areas. For example, if simple cells in visual cortex rely on complementary interactions between the two pathways, such as push-pull interactions (Alonso et al., 2001; Hirsch, 2003), their receptive fields may be radically different under scotopic conditions, when the ON and OFF pathways are out of sync. |
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Authors:
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Chethan Pandarinath; Jonathan D Victor; Sheila Nirenberg |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't |
Journal Detail:
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Title: The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience Volume: 30 ISSN: 1529-2401 ISO Abbreviation: J. Neurosci. Publication Date: 2010 Jul |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2010-07-29 Completed Date: 2010-08-20 Revised Date: 2011-09-26 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 8102140 Medline TA: J Neurosci Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 10006-14 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Departments of Physiology and Biophysics and Neurology and Neuroscience, Weill Medical College, Cornell University, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA. |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Action Potentials
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physiology Animals Dark Adaptation / physiology* Fourier Analysis Mice Mice, Inbred C57BL Models, Neurological Photic Stimulation / methods Poisson Distribution Retina / cytology*, physiology Retinal Ganglion Cells / classification, physiology* Visual Pathways / physiology |
| Grant Support | |
ID/Acronym/Agency:
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EY012978/EY/NEI NIH HHS; EY07977/EY/NEI NIH HHS; EY09314/EY/NEI NIH HHS; R01 EY007977-20/EY/NEI NIH HHS; R01 EY009314-16/EY/NEI NIH HHS; R01 EY009314-18/EY/NEI NIH HHS; R01 EY012978-09/EY/NEI NIH HHS |
| Comments/Corrections | |
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