| Swimming of Xenopus laevis Sperm Exhibits Multiple Gears and Its Duration Is Extended by Egg Jelly Constituents. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 21712226 Owner: NLM Status: In-Data-Review |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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The motility of Xenopus sperm is initiated by the osmotic shock experienced when these cells are ejaculated into low-salinity pond water. Motility is brief and is required for the sperm to penetrate the jelly layers and fertilize the egg. In this study we demonstrate that extracts of egg jelly contain factors that extend the period of sperm motility as well as providing a chemoattractant activity as previously reported. Both activities are partially dependent on extracellular calcium. Time-lapse and video microscopy show that after activation of motility the number of motile sperm decreases rapidly, with a half-time of about 2 min. Addition of 10% v/v egg jelly extract ("egg water") increased the number of motile sperm 2-fold over controls at 20 s and about 4- to 10-fold over controls at 10 min after initiation of motility. Extension of motility lifetime was not mediated by a nonspecific protein or by allurin, the egg-water protein that has chemoattractant activity. The helical path of Xenopus sperm exhibited tight coupling between rotational and forward velocities in egg jelly, but coupling changed rapidly from moment to moment in low-salinity buffer. Our observations suggest that jelly-derived factors regulate both the longevity and directionality of sperm propulsion. |
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Authors:
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Nathan Tholl; Sumera Naqvi; Ericka McLaughlin; Serenity Boyles; Allan L Bieber; Douglas E Chandler |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article |
Journal Detail:
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Title: The Biological bulletin Volume: 220 ISSN: 1939-8697 ISO Abbreviation: Biol. Bull. Publication Date: 2011 Jun |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2011-06-29 Completed Date: - Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 2984727R Medline TA: Biol Bull Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 174-85 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, School of Life Sciences and the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-4501. |
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From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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