Document Detail


Subglottic secretion viscosity and evacuation efficiency.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  17172319     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a common nosocomial pneumonia that occurs in critically ill patients and results in mortality rates as high as 71%. Subglottic secretions (SSs) are a known risk factor. Several clinical trials have shown that continuous aspiration of subglottic secretions (CASS) reduces the risk of VAP by nearly half. Optimal suction pressure levels needed to efficiently evacuate viscous SSs are unknown. The purpose of this study was to describe SSs and the effective suction pressure (20 mmHg, 30 mmHg, 40 mmHg, and 50 mmHg) needed to maximize evacuation efficiency based on SS volume (2 ml, 4 ml, and 6 ml) and viscosity (watery, thick, and gel-like). A laboratory model was designed to replicate a human trachea. Thick secretions had the highest percentage of mean recovery representative of evacuation efficiency of SSs (mean recovery of 86%). The suction pressure of 30 mmHg had the highest overall mean of secretion recovery (83%) across all viscosity types and amounts. This study demonstrated that higher viscosity secretions were easier to evacuate than lower viscosity secretions when 30-mmHg suction pressure was applied. Management of secretion viscosity may assist in secretion removal and delay VAP development. With increased understanding of the molecular structure of SSs, there is the potential that clinicians will be able to manipulate secretion viscoelastic properties to maximize evacuation efficiency of the secretions. Further research is needed to identify safe suction pressures for optimal evacuation of SSs in human subjects.
Authors:
Pamela V O'Neal; Cindy L Munro; Mary Jo Grap; Sarah M Rausch
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Publication Detail:
Type:  Comparative Study; Evaluation Studies; Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural    
Journal Detail:
Title:  Biological research for nursing     Volume:  8     ISSN:  1099-8004     ISO Abbreviation:  Biol Res Nurs     Publication Date:  2007 Jan 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2006-12-18     Completed Date:  2007-01-19     Revised Date:  2007-12-03    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  9815758     Medline TA:  Biol Res Nurs     Country:  United States    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  202-9     Citation Subset:  IM; N    
Affiliation:
College of Nursing, University of Alabama, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA. onealp@uah.edu
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Clinical Nursing Research
Critical Care / methods
Female
Glottis
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
Models, Anatomic
Mucociliary Clearance
Nursing Evaluation Research
Pneumonia, Ventilator-Associated / etiology,  physiopathology,  prevention & control*
Pressure
Rheology
Risk Factors
Saliva* / physiology
Sputum* / physiology
Suction / instrumentation,  methods*,  nursing
Treatment Outcome
Viscosity
Grant Support
ID/Acronym/Agency:
IF31 NR07491-01/NR/NINR NIH HHS

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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