Document Detail


Studies on the cytological and biochemical effects of valerian in somatic and germ cells of Swiss albino mice.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  16879905     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
Valerian is widely known for its use as a sedative and an anti-anxiety drug in the folk medicine. Literature reports suggested valerian to induce genotoxicity in vitro (ECV304 cells) by reactive oxygen species-mediated mechanism; however, there are no reports on its genotoxicity and/or the epigenetic mechanism in vivo. In view of the folkloric significance, it was found worthwhile to (1) determine the genotoxic effects of valerian in somatic and germ cells of mice and (2) investigate the role of epigenetic mechanisms. The protocol included the oral treatment of mice with different doses (500, 1000 and 2000 mg/kg/day) of valerian for 7 days. The following experiments were conducted: (i) cytological studies on micronucleus test, (ii) cytogenetic analysis for meiotic chromosomes, (iii) cytological analysis of spermatozoa abnormalities, (iv) quantification of proteins and nucleic acids in testicular cells and (v) estimation of malondialdehyde (MDA) and nonprotein sulfhydryl (NP-SH) in hepatic and testicular cells. The treatment increased the frequency of micronuclei in the polychromatic erythrocytes (PCE) and decrease the ratio of PCE to normochromatic erythrocytes (NCE) in the femur. It caused aberrations in chromosomes of the testis and induced spermatozoa abnormalities. The concentration of nucleic acids was depleted in the testicular cells. These changes might be attributed to the epigenetic mechanisms as revealed by an increase in the concentrations of MDA and a decrease of NP-SH levels in hepatic and testicular cells observed in the present study. The observed changes may be ascribed to terpenoids (valepotriates) and flavonoids (6-methylapigenin and 2S(-)-hesperidin) present in valerian.
Authors:
Abdulhakeem A Al-Majed; Abdulaziz A Al-Yahya; A M Al-Bekairi; O A Al-Shabanah; S Qureshi
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Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't     Date:  2006-06-28
Journal Detail:
Title:  Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association     Volume:  44     ISSN:  0278-6915     ISO Abbreviation:  Food Chem. Toxicol.     Publication Date:  2006 Nov 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2006-09-27     Completed Date:  2006-11-07     Revised Date:  2006-11-15    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  8207483     Medline TA:  Food Chem Toxicol     Country:  England    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  1830-7     Citation Subset:  IM    
Affiliation:
Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, PO Box 2457, Riyadh-11451, Saudi Arabia. majed107@hotmail.com
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Administration, Oral
Animals
Cells, Cultured
Chromosome Aberrations / chemically induced
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
Erythrocytes / drug effects
Humans
Liver / drug effects*,  metabolism,  pathology
Male
Malondialdehyde / metabolism
Meiosis / drug effects
Mice
Micronucleus Tests
Mutagens / classification,  toxicity*
Nucleic Acids / drug effects,  metabolism
Oxidative Stress / drug effects*
Spermatozoa / drug effects*,  pathology
Sulfhydryl Compounds / metabolism
Testis / drug effects*,  metabolism,  pathology
Valerian / classification,  toxicity*
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
0/Mutagens; 0/Nucleic Acids; 0/Sulfhydryl Compounds; 542-78-9/Malondialdehyde

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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