| Structural analysis of botulinum neurotoxin type E catalytic domain and its mutant Glu212-->Gln reveals the pivotal role of the Glu212 carboxylate in the catalytic pathway. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 15157097 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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The seven serotypes of botulinum neurotoxins (A-G) produced by Clostridium botulinum share significant sequence homology and structural similarity. The functions of their individual domains and the modes of action are also similar. However, the substrate specificity and the peptide bond cleavage selectivity of their catalytic domains are different. The reason for this unique specificity of botulinum neurotoxins is still baffling. If an inhibitor leading to a therapeutic drug common to all serotypes is to be developed, it is essential to understand the differences in their three-dimensional structures that empower them with this unique characteristic. Accordingly, high-resolution structures of all serotypes are required, and toward achieving this goal the crystal structure of the catalytic domain of C. botulinum neurotoxin type E has been determined to 2.1 A resolution. The crystal structure of the inactive mutant Glu212-->Gln of this protein has also been determined. While the overall conformation is unaltered in the active site, the position of the nucleophilic water changes in the mutant, thereby causing it to lose its ability to activate the catalytic reaction. The structure explains the importance of the nucleophilic water and the charge on Glu212. The structural differences responsible for the loss of activity of the mutant provide a common model for the catalytic pathway of Clostridium neurotoxins since Glu212 is conserved and has a similar role in all serotypes. This or a more nonconservative mutant (e.g., Glu212-->Ala) could provide a novel, genetically modified protein vaccine for botulinum. |
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Authors:
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Rakhi Agarwal; Subramaniam Eswaramoorthy; Desigan Kumaran; Thomas Binz; Subramanyam Swaminathan |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Biochemistry Volume: 43 ISSN: 0006-2960 ISO Abbreviation: Biochemistry Publication Date: 2004 Jun |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2004-05-25 Completed Date: 2004-08-16 Revised Date: 2006-11-15 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 0370623 Medline TA: Biochemistry Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 6637-44 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA. |
| Data Bank Information | |
Bank Name/Acc. No.:
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PDB/1T3A; 1T3C |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Amino Acid Sequence Botulinum Toxins / chemistry*, genetics, metabolism* Catalytic Domain Crystallography, X-Ray Glutamic Acid / genetics, metabolism Glutamine / genetics, metabolism Models, Molecular Molecular Sequence Data Point Mutation* Protein Conformation Sequence Homology, Amino Acid |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Botulinum Toxins; 0/botulinum toxin type E; 56-85-9/Glutamine; 56-86-0/Glutamic Acid |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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