| Stress failure of pulmonary capillaries as a limiting factor for maximal exercise. | |
| | |
MedLine Citation:
|
PMID: 7768245 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
|
The pulmonary blood-gas barrier has a basic physiological dilemma. On the one hand it needs to be extremely thin for efficient gas exchange. On the other hand it also needs to be immensely strong because the stresses on the pulmonary capillary wall become extremely high when the capillary pressure rises on exercise. Maximal hydrostatic pressures in human pulmonary capillaries during exercise are not accurately known but must exceed 30 mmHg. In some animals, for example thoroughbred horses, the capillary pressure rises to about 100 mmHg. These pressures cause stresses in the capillary wall of 5-10 x 10(4) N.m-2 (50-100 kPa) which approach the breaking strength of collagen. The strength of the capillary wall on the thin side of the blood-gas barrier can be attributed to the type IV collagen of the extracellular matrix. Raising the capillary pressure to similar levels in experimental preparations causes ultrastructural changes in the wall including disruption of the capillary endothelium, alveolar epithelium, and basement membrane in the interstitium. Essentially all thoroughbred racehorses bleed into their lungs during exercise because they break their capillaries, and some elite human athletes apparently do the same. Avoiding stress failure of pulmonary capillaries poses a challenging problem for some species. Stress failure is a hitherto overlooked factor limiting maximal exercise. |
| | |
Authors:
|
J B West; O Mathieu-Costello |
Related Documents
:
|
3484695 - Long-term prognosis of survivors of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. structural and func... 10802005 - Ventilatory response to exercise in patients with major aortopulmonary collateral arter... 3298195 - Relationship between ozone exposure and pulmonary function changes. 9207705 - Effective physical therapy for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. pilot study of ex... 10424185 - Combined effects of fabric air permeability and moisture absorption on clothing microcl... 7918755 - Do voluntary changes in inspiratory-expiratory ratio prevent exercise-induced asthma? |
Publication Detail:
|
Type: Journal Article; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.; Review |
Journal Detail:
|
Title: European journal of applied physiology and occupational physiology Volume: 70 ISSN: 0301-5548 ISO Abbreviation: Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol Publication Date: 1995 |
Date Detail:
|
Created Date: 1995-07-06 Completed Date: 1995-07-06 Revised Date: 2008-11-21 |
Medline Journal Info:
|
Nlm Unique ID: 0410266 Medline TA: Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol Country: GERMANY |
Other Details:
|
Languages: eng Pagination: 99-108 Citation Subset: IM; S |
Affiliation:
|
Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla 92093-0623, USA. |
Export Citation:
|
APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
|
Animals Blood Pressure / physiology Capillaries / anatomy & histology, physiology* Exercise / physiology* Humans Pulmonary Circulation / physiology* Stress, Physiological / physiopathology* |
| Grant Support | |
ID/Acronym/Agency:
|
HL-17331/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS; R01 HL-46910/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
Previous Document: Effect of acute exercise on some haematological parameters and neutrophil functions in active and in...
Next Document: EMEA and the new pharmaceutical procedures for Europe. European Medicines Evaluation Agency.