| Spice drugs as a new trend: mode of action, identification and legislation. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 20566335 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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The present review highlights the existing monitoring and legislation status of synthetic cannabinoids in "Spice" products and alert research community about the identification and risk assessment problems of these compounds. Available data were collected by various literature search engines. All valuable information about psychoactive properties, safety profile, clinical data and detection problems for synthetic cannabinoids and their use as "herbal highs" were managed to spot and summarise. "Spice" contains synthetic cannabinoids that bind to cannabinnoid-like receptors and they are stronger than natural cannabis. Chronic abuse of "Spice" has linked with signs of addiction syndrome and withdrawal symptoms similar to syndromes observed in cannabis abuse. These cannabinoids can be considered as new products to be added to the list of "designer drugs". Although it remains unclear where and how the actual production of the herbal mixtures takes place, it is evident that producers are purposely risk the health of consumers to skim high profits. Only recently a number of countries in Europe, as well as in US and Canada banned the use of these substances. The difficulty in identification of related compounds leads to the necessity for the availability of reference standards in order to aid toxicological analyses. |
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Authors:
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I Vardakou; C Pistos; Ch Spiliopoulou |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Review Date: 2010-06-08 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Toxicology letters Volume: 197 ISSN: 1879-3169 ISO Abbreviation: Toxicol. Lett. Publication Date: 2010 Sep |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2010-07-20 Completed Date: 2010-08-10 Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 7709027 Medline TA: Toxicol Lett Country: Netherlands |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 157-62 Citation Subset: IM |
Copyright Information:
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(c) 2010 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. |
Affiliation:
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Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 115 27, Greece. |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Cannabinoids
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chemistry*,
toxicity* Designer Drugs / chemistry*, toxicity* Humans Substance-Related Disorders |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Cannabinoids; 0/Designer Drugs |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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