| Sorption of trihalomethanes in foods. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 20598747 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Trihalomethanes (THMs, namely, CHCl(3), CHCl(2)Br, CHClBr(2) and CHBr(3)) are disinfection by-products that are present in drinking water. These toxic chemicals are also present in meat, dairy products, vegetables, baked goods, beverages and other foods, although information regarding their concentrations and origin is very limited. This study investigates sorption of THMs occurring during rinsing and cooking of foods and the significance of food as an exposure source. Initial estimates of THM uptake were measured in experiments representing rinsing with tap water at 25 C using nine types of food, and for cooking in tap water at 90 C for fourteen other foods. A subset of foods was then selected for further study over a range of THM concentrations (23.7-118.7 microg/l), temperatures (25 C and 90 C), food concentrations (0.2-1.4, food weight: water weight), and contact times (5-240 min). Data were analyzed using regression and exponential models, and diffusion models were used to help explain the trends of THM uptake. Among vegetables, sorbed THM concentrations at 25 C were 213 to 774 ng/g for CHCl(3), 53 to 609 ng/g for CHCl(2)Br, and 150-845 ng/g for CHClBr(2). Meats at 90 C tended to have higher concentrations, e.g., 870-2634 ng/g for CHCl(3). Sorbed concentrations increased with contact time and THM concentration, and decreased with food concentration in rinsing tests (using spinach, iceberg-head lettuce and cauliflower) and cooking tests (using tomato, potato, beef and miso-tofu soup). For most foods, THM uptake was diffusion limited and several hours were needed to approach steady-state levels. Swelling, hydrolysis and other physical and chemical changes in the food can significantly affect sorption. Screening level estimates for CHCl(3) exposures, based on experimental results and typical food consumption patterns, show that uptake via foods can dominate that due to direct tap water consumption, suggesting the importance of sorption and the need for further evaluation of THM intake due to foods. |
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Authors:
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An-Tsun Huang; Stuart Batterman |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article Date: 2010-07-03 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Environment international Volume: 36 ISSN: 1873-6750 ISO Abbreviation: Environ Int Publication Date: 2010 Oct |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2010-07-12 Completed Date: 2010-09-21 Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 7807270 Medline TA: Environ Int Country: Netherlands |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 754-62 Citation Subset: IM |
Copyright Information:
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Copyright 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
Affiliation:
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Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan, 109 Observatory Drive, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-2029, USA. huangan@mail.nih.gov |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Absorption Adsorption Cookery Disinfectants / analysis*, chemistry Environmental Exposure / analysis* Environmental Pollutants / analysis*, chemistry Food Analysis Food Contamination / statistics & numerical data* Heating Hydrophobicity Trihalomethanes / analysis*, chemistry Water / chemistry |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Disinfectants; 0/Environmental Pollutants; 0/Trihalomethanes; 7732-18-5/Water |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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