| Sodium sensing in the interstitium and relationship to hypertension. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 20571401 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Internal environment regulation, particularly volume and osmoregulation, has been a fundamental concept important to physiologists and clinicians for almost two centuries. Na balance, intracellular K homeostasis, the crucial role of the Na,K-ATPase pump, osmotic forces, and the overriding effect of the kidney on maintaining homeostasis are notions that have been taught by many and accepted by most for over 50 years. Nevertheless, contradictory findings, problems with simplistic balance explanations, and the notion of salt-sensitive and salt-resistant hypertension have been nagging headaches in the straightforward, two-compartment model of electrolyte balance. RECENT FINDINGS: Na can be accumulated without commensurate water retention in the interstitium of the skin, and this skin Na storage is paralleled by increased polymerization and sulfation of glycosaminoglycans in the Na reservoir. Subcutaneous tissue macrophages express the transcription factor tonicity enhancer binding protein in response to Na-mediated interstitial osmotic stress and thereby secrete vascular endothelial growth factor C, which stimulates lymphatic formation and endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression, suggesting that the immune system is a regulator of volume and blood pressure homeostasis. SUMMARY: Our findings do not abrogate the notion of pressure natriuresis and renal regulatory function. However, we do suggest that extracellular Na, volume and blood pressure homeostasis cannot be maintained without extrarenal regulatory mechanisms. |
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Authors:
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Jens Titze; Agnes Machnik |
Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension Volume: 19 ISSN: 1473-6543 ISO Abbreviation: Curr. Opin. Nephrol. Hypertens. Publication Date: 2010 Jul |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2010-06-23 Completed Date: 2010-10-19 Revised Date: 2013-05-02 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 9303753 Medline TA: Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens Country: England |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 385-92 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Junior Research Group II, Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research and Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Nikolaus-Fiebiger Center for Molecular Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander-University, Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany. jtitze@molmed.uni-erlangen.de |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Animals Blood Pressure / physiology Blood Volume / physiology Homeostasis Humans Hypertension / metabolism, physiopathology* Phagocytosis / physiology Sodium / metabolism, physiology* Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / physiology Water-Electrolyte Balance / physiology |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; 7440-23-5/Sodium |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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