Document Detail


Slow conduction in cardiac tissue: insights from optical mapping at the cellular level.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  11781937     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
Under physiological conditions, slow conduction is essential for the function of the atrioventricular (AV) node, whereas, under pathophysiological conditions, slow conduction contributes importantly to the generation of life-threatening reentrant arrhythmias. This article addresses characteristics of slow conduction at the cellular network level during (a) a reduction of excitability, (b) a reduction of gap junctional coupling, and (c) in the setting of branching tissue structures. Microscopic impulse propagation in these settings was studied by using multiple site optical recording of transmembrane voltage in conjunction with patterned growth cultures of neonatal rat ventricular myocytes. In linear cell strands, a reduction of excitability slowed conduction by approximately 70% before block occurred. In contrast, critical reduction of gap junctional coupling induced a much higher degree of slowing (>99%) before block of conduction. Interestingly, a similar degree of conduction slowing was also observed in branching tissue structures under conditions of reduced excitability (98%). The finding of extremely slow but nevertheless safe conduction in these structures might be explained by a "pull and push" effect of the branches: by drawing electronic current from the activation wavefront, they first act as current loads which slow conduction at the branch points ("pull" effect). Then, on activation, they turn into current sources which feed current back into the system, thus supporting downstream activation and enhancing the safety of propagation ("push" effect). This "pull and push" mechanism may play a significant role in slow conduction in the AV node and in structurally discontinuous myocardium, such as the border regions of infarct scars.
Authors:
J P Kucera; A G Kléber; S Rohr
Related Documents :
7205107 - Intra his purkinje gap phenomenon during retrograde conduction in man.
7155807 - Long-term observation of atrial and ventricular rates in the unanesthetized dog with co...
624317 - Selective coronary angiography in patients with conduction disturbances of the heart.
10826937 - Bundle branch reentrant ventricular tachycardia with two distinct components of qrs com...
8167537 - Racial differences in the use of invasive coronary procedures after acute myocardial in...
15899737 - Dilated cardiomyopathy and acute liver injury associated with combined use of ephedra, ...
Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't    
Journal Detail:
Title:  Journal of electrocardiology     Volume:  34 Suppl     ISSN:  0022-0736     ISO Abbreviation:  J Electrocardiol     Publication Date:  2001  
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2002-01-08     Completed Date:  2002-02-13     Revised Date:  2009-11-11    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  0153605     Medline TA:  J Electrocardiol     Country:  United States    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  57-64     Citation Subset:  IM    
Affiliation:
Department of Physiology, University of Bern, Switzerland.
Export Citation:
APA/MLA Format     Download EndNote     Download BibTex
MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Action Potentials
Animals
Animals, Newborn
Atrioventricular Node / physiology
Gap Junctions / physiology
Heart Conduction System / physiology*
Myocardium / cytology
Optics and Photonics
Rats

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


Previous Document:  The role of heart rate in myocardial ischemia from restricted coronary perfusion.
Next Document:  Changes in anisotropic conduction caused by remodeling cell size and the cellular distribution of ga...