| Skeletal dysplasia in ancient Egypt. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 19006207 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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The ancient Egyptian civilization lasted for over 3000 years and ended in 30 BCE. Many aspects of ancient Egyptian culture, including the existence of skeletal dysplasias, and in particular achondroplasia, are well known through the monuments and records that survived until modern times. The hot and dry climate in Egypt allowed for the preservation of bodies and skeletal anomalies. The oldest dwarf skeleton, the Badarian skeleton (4500 BCE), possibly represents an epiphyseal disorder. Among the remains of dwarfs with achondroplasia from ancient Egypt (2686-2190 BCE), exists a skeleton of a pregnant female, believed to have died during delivery with a baby's remains in situ. British museums have partial skeletons of dwarfs with achondroplasia, humeri probably affected with mucopolysaccharidoses, and a skeleton of a child with osteogenesis imperfecta. Skeletal dysplasia is also found among royal remains. The mummy of the pharaoh Siptah (1342-1197 BCE) shows a deformity of the left leg and foot. A mummified fetus, believed to be the daughter of king Tutankhamun, has scoliosis, spina bifida, and Sprengel deformity. In 2006 I reviewed the previously existing knowledge of dwarfism in ancient Egypt. The purpose of this second historical review is to add to that knowledge with an expanded contribution. The artistic documentation of people with skeletal dysplasia from ancient Egypt is plentiful including hundreds of amulets, statues, and drawing on tomb and temple walls. Examination of artistic reliefs provides a glance of the role of people with skeletal dysplasia and the societal attitudes toward them. Both artistic evidence and moral teachings in ancient Egypt reveal wide integration of individuals with disabilities into the society. |
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Authors:
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Chahira Kozma |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Historical Article; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't |
Journal Detail:
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Title: American journal of medical genetics. Part A Volume: 146A ISSN: 1552-4833 ISO Abbreviation: Am. J. Med. Genet. A Publication Date: 2008 Dec |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2008-11-27 Completed Date: 2008-12-12 Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 101235741 Medline TA: Am J Med Genet A Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 3104-12 Citation Subset: IM |
Copyright Information:
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Copyright (c) 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc. |
Affiliation:
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Department of Pediatrics, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, District of Columbia 20007, USA. kozmac@georgetown.edu |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Bone Diseases, Developmental
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history* Child Dwarfism / history* Egypt Female History, Ancient Human Body* Humans Male |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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