Document Detail


Short-term weight loss and hepatic triglyceride reduction: evidence of a metabolic advantage with dietary carbohydrate restriction.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  21367948     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
BACKGROUND: Individuals with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) have excess intrahepatic triglycerides. This is due, in part, to increased hepatic synthesis of fat from carbohydrates via lipogenesis. Although weight loss is currently recommended to treat NAFLD, little attention has been given to dietary carbohydrate restriction.
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of 2 wk of dietary carbohydrate and calorie restriction at reducing hepatic triglycerides in subjects with NAFLD.
DESIGN: Eighteen NAFLD subjects (n = 5 men and 13 women) with a mean (±SD) age of 45 ± 12 y and a body mass index (in kg/m(2)) of 35 ± 7 consumed a carbohydrate-restricted (<20 g/d) or calorie-restricted (1200-1500 kcal/d) diet for 2 wk. Hepatic triglycerides were measured before and after intervention by magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
RESULTS: Mean (±SD) weight loss was similar between the groups (-4.0 ± 1.5 kg in the calorie-restricted group and -4.6 ± 1.5 kg in the carbohydrate-restricted group; P = 0.363). Liver triglycerides decreased significantly with weight loss (P < 0.001) but decreased significantly more (P = 0.008) in carbohydrate-restricted subjects (-55 ± 14%) than in calorie-restricted subjects (-28 ± 23%). Dietary fat (r = 0.643, P = 0.004), carbohydrate (r = -0.606, P = 0.008), posttreatment plasma ketones (r = 0.755, P = 0.006), and respiratory quotient (r = -0.797, P < 0.001) were related to a reduction in liver triglycerides. Plasma aspartate, but not alanine, aminotransferase decreased significantly with weight loss (P < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: Two weeks of dietary intervention (≈4.3% weight loss) reduced hepatic triglycerides by ≈42% in subjects with NAFLD; however, reductions were significantly greater with dietary carbohydrate restriction than with calorie restriction. This may have been due, in part, to enhanced hepatic and whole-body oxidation. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01262326.
Authors:
Jeffrey D Browning; Jonathan A Baker; Thomas Rogers; Jeannie Davis; Santhosh Satapati; Shawn C Burgess
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Publication Detail:
Type:  Comparative Study; Controlled Clinical Trial; Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't     Date:  2011-03-02
Journal Detail:
Title:  The American journal of clinical nutrition     Volume:  93     ISSN:  1938-3207     ISO Abbreviation:  Am. J. Clin. Nutr.     Publication Date:  2011 May 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2011-04-21     Completed Date:  2011-07-15     Revised Date:  2012-05-01    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  0376027     Medline TA:  Am J Clin Nutr     Country:  United States    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  1048-52     Citation Subset:  AIM; IM    
Affiliation:
Departments of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA. jeffrey.browning@utsouthwestern.edu
Data Bank Information
Bank Name/Acc. No.:
ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT01262326
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Adult
Body Mass Index
Diet, Carbohydrate-Restricted*
Diet, Reducing*
Fatty Liver / blood,  diet therapy*
Female
Humans
Ketones / blood
Liver / metabolism*
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Male
Middle Aged
Oxygen Consumption
Triglycerides / metabolism*
Weight Loss*
Grant Support
ID/Acronym/Agency:
1K23DK074396/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS; 5PL1DK081182/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS; 5PL1DK081183/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS; 5RL1DK081187/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS; 5UL1DE019584/DE/NIDCR NIH HHS; DK082872/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS; P41 RR002584-22/RR/NCRR NIH HHS; R01DK078184/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS; RR02584/RR/NCRR NIH HHS; UL1RR024982/RR/NCRR NIH HHS
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
0/Ketones; 0/Triglycerides

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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