| Sex dimorphism in cardiac pathophysiology: experimental findings, hormonal mechanisms, and molecular mechanisms. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 16439025 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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The higher cardiovascular risk in men and post-menopausal women implies a protective action of estrogen. A large number of experimental studies have provided strong support to this concept. However, the recent clinical trials with negative outcomes regarding hormone replacement therapy call for "post hoc" reassessment of existing information, models, and research strategies as well as a summary of recent findings. Sex steroid hormones, in particular estrogen, regulate numerous processes that are related to the development and progression of cardiovascular disease through a variety of signaling pathways. Use of genetically modified models has resulted in interesting information on diverse actions mediated by steroid receptors. By focusing on experimental findings, we have reviewed hormonal, cellular, and signaling mechanisms responsible for sex dimorphism and actions of hormone replacement therapy and addressed current limitations and future directions of experimental research. |
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Authors:
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Xiao-Jun Du; Lu Fang; Helen Kiriazis |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review Date: 2006-01-24 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Pharmacology & therapeutics Volume: 111 ISSN: 0163-7258 ISO Abbreviation: Pharmacol. Ther. Publication Date: 2006 Aug |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2006-06-12 Completed Date: 2006-12-04 Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 7905840 Medline TA: Pharmacol Ther Country: England |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 434-75 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Experimental Cardiology Laboratory, Baker Heart Research Institute, 75 Commercial Road, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia. xiaojun.du@baker.edu.au |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Animals Cardiovascular Diseases / metabolism*, prevention & control Cardiovascular System / metabolism Estrogen Replacement Therapy Female Gonadal Steroid Hormones / metabolism, pharmacology Humans Male Receptors, Steroid / metabolism Sex Characteristics* Sex Factors Signal Transduction |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Gonadal Steroid Hormones; 0/Receptors, Steroid |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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