Document Detail


Severity of hypertension in familial hyperaldosteronism type I: relationship to gender and degree of biochemical disturbance.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  10852446     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
In familial hyperaldosteronism type I (FH-I), inheritance of a hybrid 11beta-hydroxylase/aldosterone synthase gene causes ACTH-regulated aldosterone overproduction. In an attempt to understand the marked variability in hypertension severity in FH-I, we compared clinical and biochemical characteristics of 9 affected individuals with mild hypertension (normotensive or onset of hypertension after 15 yr, blood pressure never >160/100 mm Hg, < or = 1 medication required to control hypertension, no history of stroke, age >18 yr when studied) with those of 17 subjects with severe hypertension (onset before 15 yr, or systolic blood pressure >180 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure >120 mm Hg at least once, or > or = 2 medications, or history of stroke). Severe hypertension was more frequent in males (11 of 13 males vs. 6 of 13 females; P < 0.05). All 4 subjects still normotensive after age 18 yr were females. Of 10 other affected, deceased individuals (7 males and 3 females) from a single family, all six who died before 60 yr of age (4 by stroke) were males. Biochemical studies were conducted in 6 mild and 16 severe subjects. The 2 groups were similar in terms of urinary sodium excretion. Mild subjects tended, although not significantly, to have lower urinary 18-oxo-cortisol (mean +/- SD, 27.4 +/- 9.0 vs. 35.2 +/- 12.9 nmol/mmol creatinine x day), higher plasma potassium (4.0 +/- 0.3 vs. 3.6 +/- 0.4 mmol/L), and lower recumbent (0800 h after overnight recumbency) plasma aldosterone levels (498 +/- 279 vs. 744 +/- 290 pmol/L). Upright (midmorning after 2-3 h of upright posture) plasma aldosterone levels were similar (mild, 485 +/- 150; severe, 474 +/- 188 pmol/L). In 1 normotensive female, upright PRA was much higher, and the upright aldosterone/PRA ratio was much lower than that in the other subjects. The remaining mild subjects had similar upright PRA levels (mild, 2.8 +/- 1.4; severe, 3.7 +/- 3.2 pmol/ L x min) and aldosterone/PRA ratios (mild, 199.5 +/- 133.4; severe, 200.6 +/- 150.9) as severe subjects. During angiotensin II (AII) infusion studies (n = 6 mild and 10 severe), performed during recumbency, aldosterone levels were lower in the mild group both basally (404 +/- 144 vs. 843 +/- 498 pmol/L; P < 0.05) and after 60 min AII (2 ng/kg x min; 261 +/- 130 vs. 520 +/- 330 pmol/L; P < 0.05). Aldosterone was unresponsive (rose by <50%) to AII in all subjects. Day curve studies (blood collected every 2 h for 24 h; n = 2 mild and 7 severe) demonstrated abnormal regulation of aldosterone by ACTH rather than by AII in both groups. In conclusion, in this series of patients with FH-I, males had more severe hypertension, and the degree of hybrid gene-induced aldosterone overproduction may have contributed to the severity of hypertension.
Authors:
M Stowasser; A W Bachmann; P R Huggard; T R Rossetti; R D Gordon
Related Documents :
12676966 - Aldosteronomas: experience with superselective adrenal arterial embolization in 33 cases.
20583536 - Primary aldosteronism and its impact on the generation of arterial hypertension, endoth...
12352316 - Combined effects of metoprolol and spironolactone in dilated cardiomyopathic hamsters.
12119796 - Pathogenesis and clinical physiology of hypertension.
19713946 - Influence of alcohol intake on circadian blood pressure variation in japanese men: the ...
7136946 - Respiratory monitoring in acute multiple organ system failure.
Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.    
Journal Detail:
Title:  The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism     Volume:  85     ISSN:  0021-972X     ISO Abbreviation:  J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.     Publication Date:  2000 Jun 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2000-06-23     Completed Date:  2000-06-23     Revised Date:  2006-11-15    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  0375362     Medline TA:  J Clin Endocrinol Metab     Country:  UNITED STATES    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  2160-6     Citation Subset:  AIM; IM    
Affiliation:
University Department of Medicine, Greenslopes Hospital, Brisbane, Australia.
Export Citation:
APA/MLA Format     Download EndNote     Download BibTex
MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Adolescent
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone / physiology
Adult
Aged
Aldosterone / biosynthesis,  blood
Aldosterone Synthase / genetics,  metabolism
Circadian Rhythm
Female
Humans
Hydrocortisone / analogs & derivatives,  urine
Hyperaldosteronism / genetics*,  metabolism,  physiopathology*
Hypertension / complications,  metabolism,  physiopathology*
Male
Middle Aged
Posture
Potassium / blood
Renin / blood
Sex Characteristics*
Sodium / urine
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
2410-60-8/18-oxocortisol; 50-23-7/Hydrocortisone; 52-39-1/Aldosterone; 7440-09-7/Potassium; 7440-23-5/Sodium; 9002-60-2/Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; EC 1.14.15.4/Aldosterone Synthase; EC 3.4.23.15/Renin
Comments/Corrections
Comment In:
J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2000 Jun;85(6):2158-9   [PMID:  10852445 ]

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


Previous Document:  Gender-related differences in counterregulatory responses to antecedent hypoglycemia in normal human...
Next Document:  Effects of caffeine on muscle glycogen utilization and the neuroendocrine axis during exercise.