Document Detail


Severe sulfonylurea-induced hypoglycemia: a problem of uncritical prescription and deficiencies of diabetes care in geriatric patients.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  20553106     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
OBJECTIVE: Severe sulfonylurea-induced hypoglycemia (SH) remains a life-threatening and under-reported condition. We investigated the incidence of SH and clinical characteristics of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) to demonstrate typical risk constellations.
METHODS: In a prospective population-based observational study, all consecutive cases of SH in the period 2000 - 2009 in a German area with 200,000 inhabitants were registered. Severe hypoglycemia was defined as a symptomatic event requiring treatment with intravenous glucose and was confirmed by a blood glucose measurement of < 50 mg/dl.
RESULTS: A mean incidence of seven episodes of SH per year and 100,000 inhabitants was registered. The 139 hypoglycemic individuals had been treated with glimepiride (n = 98), glibenclamide (n = 40) or gliquidone (n = 1). No preparation showed a constant dose-effect relationship, SH occurring within a wide dose range. The patients were characterized as follows: age 77.5 + or - 9.4 years, duration of diabetes 11 + or - 7 years, body mass index 26.3 + or - 4.9 kg/m(2), HbA1c 6.6 + or - 1.3%, creatinine clearance 46 + or - 24 ml/min with renal insufficiency in 73% and co-medication 7 + or - 3 drugs. Two-thirds of all subjects lived independently at home whereas a third were cared for by a home nursing service or received care in nursing homes. In all, 30% had participated in diabetes education programs. In 31%, systematic blood glucose monitoring was performed.
CONCLUSIONS: Uncritical prescription of sulfonylureas neglecting crucial contraindications - particularly renal insufficiency - and deficiencies of diabetes care contributed substantially to the risk of SH in the mainly geriatric patients. There is a need for alternative therapeutic concepts that minimize the risk of hypoglycemia in geriatric patients with T2DM.
Authors:
Andreas Holstein; Claude Hammer; Michael Hahn; Nidhi-Su-Ann Kulamadayil; Peter Kovacs
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Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't    
Journal Detail:
Title:  Expert opinion on drug safety     Volume:  9     ISSN:  1744-764X     ISO Abbreviation:  Expert Opin Drug Saf     Publication Date:  2010 Sep 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2010-08-20     Completed Date:  2011-01-24     Revised Date:  -    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  101163027     Medline TA:  Expert Opin Drug Saf     Country:  England    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  675-81     Citation Subset:  IM    
Affiliation:
Lippe-Detmold Clinic, First Department of Medicine, Röntgenstr. 18, D - 32756 Detmold, Germany. Andreas.Holstein@t-online.de
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Age Factors
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring
Comorbidity
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / drug therapy*,  epidemiology
Female
Germany / epidemiology
Glyburide / administration & dosage,  adverse effects,  pharmacokinetics,  therapeutic use
Humans
Hypoglycemia / chemically induced*,  epidemiology
Hypoglycemic Agents / administration & dosage,  adverse effects*,  pharmacokinetics,  therapeutic use
Inappropriate Prescribing / adverse effects*
Incidence
Independent Living / statistics & numerical data
Kidney Diseases / epidemiology,  metabolism
Male
Metabolic Clearance Rate
Middle Aged
Nursing Homes / statistics & numerical data
Patient Education as Topic
Prospective Studies
Sulfonylurea Compounds / administration & dosage,  adverse effects*,  pharmacokinetics,  therapeutic use
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
0/Hypoglycemic Agents; 0/Sulfonylurea Compounds; 10238-21-8/Glyburide; 33342-05-1/gliquidone; 93479-97-1/glimepiride

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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