Document Detail


Serotonin and its metabolism in basal deuterostomes: insights from Strongylocentrotus purpuratus and Xenoturbella bocki.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  20639426     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
Serotonin (5-HT), an important molecule in metazoans, is involved in a range of biological processes including neurotransmission and neuromodulation. Both its creation and release are tightly regulated, as is its removal. Multiple neurochemical pathways are responsible for the catabolism of 5-HT and are phyla specific; therefore, by elucidating these catabolic pathways we glean greater understanding of the relationships and origins of various transmitter systems. Here, 5-HT catabolic pathways were studied in Strongylocentrotus purpuratus and Xenoturbella bocki, two organisms occupying distinct positions in deuterostomes. The 5-HT-related compounds detected in these organisms were compared with those reported in other phyla. In S. purpuratus, 5-HT-related metabolites include N-acetyl serotonin, gamma-glutamyl-serotonin and 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid; the quantity and type were found to vary based on the specific tissues analyzed. In addition to these compounds, varying levels of tryptamine were also seen. Upon addition of a 5-HT precursor and a monoamine oxidase inhibitor, 5-HT itself was detected. In similar experiments using X. bocki tissues, the 5-HT-related compounds found included 5-HT sulfate, gamma-glutamyl-serotonin and 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid, as well as 5-HT and tryptamine. The sea urchin metabolizes 5-HT in a manner similar to both gastropod mollusks, as evidenced by the detection of gamma-glutamyl-serotonin, and vertebrates, as indicated by the presence of 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid and N-acetyl serotonin. In contrast, 5-HT metabolism in X. bocki appears more similar to common protostome 5-HT catabolic pathways.
Authors:
Leah N Squires; Stanislav S Rubakhin; Andinet Amare Wadhams; Kristen N Talbot; Hiroaki Nakano; Leonid L Moroz; Jonathan V Sweedler
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Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.    
Journal Detail:
Title:  The Journal of experimental biology     Volume:  213     ISSN:  1477-9145     ISO Abbreviation:  J. Exp. Biol.     Publication Date:  2010 Aug 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2010-07-19     Completed Date:  2010-10-19     Revised Date:  2011-08-03    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  0243705     Medline TA:  J Exp Biol     Country:  England    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  2647-54     Citation Subset:  IM    
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry and the Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
5-Hydroxytryptophan / pharmacology
Animals
Clorgyline / pharmacology
Dihydroxyphenylalanine / pharmacology
Echinodermata / drug effects,  metabolism*
Fluorescence
Metabolic Networks and Pathways / drug effects
Organ Specificity / drug effects
Radial Nerve / drug effects,  metabolism
Serotonin / chemistry,  metabolism*
Strongylocentrotus purpuratus / drug effects,  metabolism*
Grant Support
ID/Acronym/Agency:
NS031609/NS/NINDS NIH HHS; P30 DA018310/DA/NIDA NIH HHS; R01 NS031609-18/NS/NINDS NIH HHS; R01NS06076/NS/NINDS NIH HHS; R21DA030118/DA/NIDA NIH HHS
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
17780-72-2/Clorgyline; 50-67-9/Serotonin; 56-69-9/5-Hydroxytryptophan; 63-84-3/Dihydroxyphenylalanine
Comments/Corrections

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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