| Serotonin and its metabolism in basal deuterostomes: insights from Strongylocentrotus purpuratus and Xenoturbella bocki. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 20639426 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Serotonin (5-HT), an important molecule in metazoans, is involved in a range of biological processes including neurotransmission and neuromodulation. Both its creation and release are tightly regulated, as is its removal. Multiple neurochemical pathways are responsible for the catabolism of 5-HT and are phyla specific; therefore, by elucidating these catabolic pathways we glean greater understanding of the relationships and origins of various transmitter systems. Here, 5-HT catabolic pathways were studied in Strongylocentrotus purpuratus and Xenoturbella bocki, two organisms occupying distinct positions in deuterostomes. The 5-HT-related compounds detected in these organisms were compared with those reported in other phyla. In S. purpuratus, 5-HT-related metabolites include N-acetyl serotonin, gamma-glutamyl-serotonin and 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid; the quantity and type were found to vary based on the specific tissues analyzed. In addition to these compounds, varying levels of tryptamine were also seen. Upon addition of a 5-HT precursor and a monoamine oxidase inhibitor, 5-HT itself was detected. In similar experiments using X. bocki tissues, the 5-HT-related compounds found included 5-HT sulfate, gamma-glutamyl-serotonin and 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid, as well as 5-HT and tryptamine. The sea urchin metabolizes 5-HT in a manner similar to both gastropod mollusks, as evidenced by the detection of gamma-glutamyl-serotonin, and vertebrates, as indicated by the presence of 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid and N-acetyl serotonin. In contrast, 5-HT metabolism in X. bocki appears more similar to common protostome 5-HT catabolic pathways. |
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Authors:
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Leah N Squires; Stanislav S Rubakhin; Andinet Amare Wadhams; Kristen N Talbot; Hiroaki Nakano; Leonid L Moroz; Jonathan V Sweedler |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. |
Journal Detail:
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Title: The Journal of experimental biology Volume: 213 ISSN: 1477-9145 ISO Abbreviation: J. Exp. Biol. Publication Date: 2010 Aug |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2010-07-19 Completed Date: 2010-10-19 Revised Date: 2011-08-03 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 0243705 Medline TA: J Exp Biol Country: England |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 2647-54 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Department of Chemistry and the Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA. |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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5-Hydroxytryptophan
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pharmacology Animals Clorgyline / pharmacology Dihydroxyphenylalanine / pharmacology Echinodermata / drug effects, metabolism* Fluorescence Metabolic Networks and Pathways / drug effects Organ Specificity / drug effects Radial Nerve / drug effects, metabolism Serotonin / chemistry, metabolism* Strongylocentrotus purpuratus / drug effects, metabolism* |
| Grant Support | |
ID/Acronym/Agency:
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NS031609/NS/NINDS NIH HHS; P30 DA018310/DA/NIDA NIH HHS; R01 NS031609-18/NS/NINDS NIH HHS; R01NS06076/NS/NINDS NIH HHS; R21DA030118/DA/NIDA NIH HHS |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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17780-72-2/Clorgyline; 50-67-9/Serotonin; 56-69-9/5-Hydroxytryptophan; 63-84-3/Dihydroxyphenylalanine |
| Comments/Corrections | |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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