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Serologic testing for syphilis in the United States: a cost-effectiveness analysis of two screening algorithms.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  20739911     Owner:  NLM     Status:  In-Process    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
BACKGROUND: The introduction of automated treponemal enzyme immunoassays and chemiluminescence assays (EIA/CA) tests has led some laboratories in the United States to use new syphilis screening algorithms that start with a treponemal test. We compared the economic and health outcomes of this new algorithm with the standard algorithm from the perspective of the United States health system.
METHODS: We used a cohort decision analysis to estimate the expected costs and effects (including follow-ups and overtreatment) of the 2 algorithms from a health-care system perspective. In the standard algorithm, rapid plasma reagin (RPR) is followed (if reactive) by EIA/CA (Nontreponemal-First). In the new algorithm, EIA/CA is followed (if reactive) by RPR. If the RPR is negative, Treponema pallidum passive particle agglutination assay (TP-PA) test is used (Treponemal-First).
RESULTS: For a cohort of 200,000 individuals (1000 current infections and 10,000 previous infections), the net costs were $1.6 m (Treponemal-First) and $1.4 m (Nontreponemal-First). The Treponemal-First option treated 118 more cases (986 vs. 868) but resulted in a substantially higher number of follow-ups (11,450 vs. 3756) and overtreatment (964 vs. 38). Treating the additional 118 cases might prevent 1 case of tertiary syphilis. The estimated cost-effectiveness ratios were $1671 (Treponemal-First) and $1621 (Nontreponemal-First) per case treated. The overtreatment was a function of the specificity of the EIA/CA and the lack of independence of EIA/CA and TP-PA.
CONCLUSION: The Treponemal-First option costs slightly more and results in more unnecessary treatment.
Authors:
Kwame Owusu-Edusei; Thomas A Peterman; Ronald C Ballard
Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article    
Journal Detail:
Title:  Sexually transmitted diseases     Volume:  38     ISSN:  1537-4521     ISO Abbreviation:  Sex Transm Dis     Publication Date:  2011 Jan 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2010-12-15     Completed Date:  -     Revised Date:  -    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  7705941     Medline TA:  Sex Transm Dis     Country:  United States    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  1-7     Citation Subset:  IM    
Affiliation:
Division of STD Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road MS E-80, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA. kowusuedusei@cdc.gov
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