Document Detail


Sample size considerations in designing studies with intra-oral models.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  1592966     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
Especially during recent years, the use of pre-clinical models for predicting the efficacy of fluoride systems has assumed greater importance within the scientific community. Originally utilized primarily to screen experimental fluoride delivery systems, preclinical models are now being considered as predictors of clinical efficacy in lieu of controlled clinical caries trials. Of the various preclinical models presently available, human intra-oral models have the greatest potential for reflecting intended usage conditions and therefore may be the most meaningful models for predicting clinical efficacy. However, only with the proper consideration of numerous critical variables can studies using intra-oral models be appropriately designed to achieve the desired objectives. Clearly, these models must provide relevant information in a manner which reflects clinically established cariostatic activity and be capable of detecting established differences in the amount of cariostatic activity, i.e., dose-response effects. Three sources of variation must be considered before an appropriate study design and sample size can be chosen. Based on fluoride uptake data from an intra-oral model with proximally-located enamel specimens, estimates of variation among subjects, within subjects, and among specimens within subjects were obtained. Multiple specimens per panelist do not affect the first two sources of variation. Thus, the number of panelists, and not the number of specimens, is of primary importance when pre-test data are used to choose the appropriate study design and calculate the required sample size.
Authors:
G K Stookey; B P Katz; B B Beiswanger; A J Dunipace
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Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article    
Journal Detail:
Title:  Journal of dental research     Volume:  71 Spec No     ISSN:  0022-0345     ISO Abbreviation:  J. Dent. Res.     Publication Date:  1992 Apr 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  1992-06-30     Completed Date:  1992-06-30     Revised Date:  2004-11-17    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  0354343     Medline TA:  J Dent Res     Country:  UNITED STATES    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  819-21     Citation Subset:  D; IM    
Affiliation:
Oral Health Research Institute, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis 46202.
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Adult
Analysis of Variance
Dental Caries / metabolism*
Dental Enamel / chemistry,  metabolism*
Dentifrices
Fluorides / analysis,  pharmacokinetics*
Humans
Models, Biological
Research Design*
Sampling Studies
Sodium Fluoride / administration & dosage,  therapeutic use
Strontium / administration & dosage,  therapeutic use
Tooth Demineralization / metabolism
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
0/Dentifrices; 0/Fluorides; 7440-24-6/Strontium; 7681-49-4/Sodium Fluoride

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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