| Salt and hypertension: is salt dietary reduction worth the effort? | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 22482843 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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In numerous epidemiologic, clinical, and experimental studies, dietary sodium intake has been linked to blood pressure, and a reduction in dietary salt intake has been documented to lower blood pressure. In young subjects, salt intake has a programming effect in that blood pressure remains elevated even after a high salt intake has been reduced. Elderly subjects, African Americans, and obese patients are more sensitive to the blood pressure-lowering effects of a decreased salt intake. Depending on the baseline blood pressure and degree of salt intake reduction, systolic blood pressure can be lowered by 4 to 8 mm Hg. A greater decrease in blood pressure is achieved when a reduced salt intake is combined with other lifestyle interventions, such as adherence to Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension. A high salt intake has been shown to increase not only blood pressure but also the risk of stroke, left ventricular hypertrophy, and proteinuria. Adverse effects associated with salt intake reduction, unless excessive, seem to be minimal. However, data linking a decreased salt intake to a decrease in morbidity and mortality in hypertensive patients are not unanimous. Dietary salt intake reduction can delay or prevent the incidence of antihypertensive therapy, can facilitate blood pressure reduction in hypertensive patients receiving medical therapy, and may represent a simple cost-saving mediator to reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. |
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Authors:
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Tiberio M Frisoli; Roland E Schmieder; Tomasz Grodzicki; Franz H Messerli |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Review |
Journal Detail:
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Title: The American journal of medicine Volume: 125 ISSN: 1555-7162 ISO Abbreviation: Am. J. Med. Publication Date: 2012 May |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2012-04-09 Completed Date: 2012-05-28 Revised Date: 2012-11-20 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 0267200 Medline TA: Am J Med Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 433-9 Citation Subset: AIM; IM |
Copyright Information:
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Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. |
Affiliation:
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St Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital Center, New York, New York, USA. |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Diet, Sodium-Restricted* Humans Hypertension / chemically induced* Sodium Chloride / adverse effects* Sodium Chloride, Dietary / administration & dosage* |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Sodium Chloride, Dietary; 7647-14-5/Sodium Chloride |
| Comments/Corrections | |
Erratum In:
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Am J Med. 2012 Oct;125(10):e27 |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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