Document Detail


Safety of intravitreal ketorolac and diclofenac: an electroretinographic and histopathologic study.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  18398362     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
OBJECTIVE: To determine the clinical, histologic, and electroretinographic effects in the rabbit retina of escalating doses of two intravitreally delivered nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs): ketorolac and diclofenac. METHODS: Right eyes received a single 0.1 mL injection of either ketorolac (500-6000 microg/0.1 mL) or diclofenac (300-1500 microg/0.1 mL) prepared in balanced salt solution (BSS). Left eyes served as controls and received BSS. Dark- and light-adapted electroretinograms (ERG) were obtained at baseline and 4 and 8 weeks postinjection. Enucleated eyes were examined histologically. RESULTS: Ophthalmic examinations demonstrated no signs of intraocular inflammation or retinal toxicity. Intraocular pressure measurements remained similar between NSAID injected and control eyes. Histologic and ERG studies of eyes injected with 6000 microg ketorolac and >or=500 microg diclofenac demonstrated toxicity. In contrast, doses up to 3000 microg ketorolac demonstrated enhanced b-wave amplitude responses. Delayed drug toxicity was observed for the highest doses of both NSAIDs. CONCLUSIONS: Intravitreal 3000 microg ketorolac and 300 microg diclofenac were nontoxic in this animal study, and may offer an effective and safer alternative to intravitreal corticosteroids.
Authors:
Stephen J Kim; Neal A Adams; Hassanain S Toma; Marie-Lyne Belair; Jennifer E Thorne; W Richard Green; Douglas A Jabs
Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't    
Journal Detail:
Title:  Retina (Philadelphia, Pa.)     Volume:  28     ISSN:  0275-004X     ISO Abbreviation:  Retina (Philadelphia, Pa.)     Publication Date:  2008 Apr 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2008-04-11     Completed Date:  2008-05-20     Revised Date:  -    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  8309919     Medline TA:  Retina     Country:  United States    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  595-605     Citation Subset:  IM    
Affiliation:
Department of Ophthalmology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. skim30@gmail.com
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Animals
Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / toxicity*
Dark Adaptation
Diclofenac / toxicity*
Electroretinography / drug effects*
Injections
Intraocular Pressure / drug effects
Ketorolac / toxicity*
Rabbits
Retina / drug effects*,  pathology
Vitreous Body
Grant Support
ID/Acronym/Agency:
EY00405/EY/NEI NIH HHS; EY13707/EY/NEI NIH HHS
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
0/Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; 15307-86-5/Diclofenac; 66635-83-4/Ketorolac

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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