Document Detail


Safety evaluation of pectin-derived acidic oligosaccharides (pAOS): genotoxicity and sub-chronic studies.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  20026148     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
Pectin-derived acidic oligosaccharides (pAOS) are non-digestible carbohydrates to be used in infant formulae and medical nutrition. To support its safety, the genotoxic potential of pAOS was evaluated. pAOS was not mutagenic in the Ames test. Positive results were obtained in the chromosome aberration test only at highly cytotoxic concentrations. The effects obtained in the mouse lymphoma test were equivocal; pAOS was not mutagenic in vivo. A sub-chronic dietary study, preceded by 4-week parental and in utero exposure phase, investigated general safety. Administration of pAOS did not affect parental health nor pup characteristics. No effects specific for acidic oligosaccharides were observed in the subsequent sub-chronic study. Slight diffuse hyperplasia of epithelial layer of the urinary bladder was noted to result from concurrently elevated urinary sodium, due to high sodium in pAOS, and elevated urinary pH. This phenomenon was confirmed in a mechanistic (sub-chronic) study. In contrast, in rats fed pAOS in combination with NH(4)Cl, an acidifying agent, the induced low urinary pH completely prevented the development of urothelial hyperplasia. Hyperplasia induced by this mechanism in rats is considered not relevant to man. Based on the current knowledge we consider pAOS safe for human consumption under its intended use.
Authors:
Jossie A Garthoff; Suzanne Heemskerk; Rixta A Hempenius; Ben A R Lina; Cyrille A M Krul; Jan H Koeman; Gerrit J A Speijers
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Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article     Date:  2009-12-21
Journal Detail:
Title:  Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology : RTP     Volume:  57     ISSN:  1096-0295     ISO Abbreviation:  Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol.     Publication Date:  2010 Jun 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2010-04-21     Completed Date:  2010-07-23     Revised Date:  -    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  8214983     Medline TA:  Regul Toxicol Pharmacol     Country:  United States    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  31-42     Citation Subset:  IM    
Copyright Information:
(c) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Affiliation:
Danone Research, Centre for Specialised Nutrition, Department Product Safety, Wageningen, The Netherlands. jossie.garthoff@danone.com
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Administration, Oral
Animals
Animals, Newborn
Body Weight / drug effects
CHO Cells
Cell Line, Tumor
Chromosome Aberrations* / chemically induced
Consumer Product Safety*
Cricetinae
Cricetulus
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
Escherichia coli / drug effects,  genetics
Female
Infant Formula / chemistry,  standards*
Lactation
Male
Maternal Exposure / adverse effects
Mice
Mitotic Index
Mutagenicity Tests
Oligosaccharides / chemistry,  isolation & purification,  toxicity*
Organ Size / drug effects
Pectins / chemistry*
Pregnancy
Rats
Rats, Wistar
Salmonella typhimurium / drug effects,  genetics
Toxicity Tests, Chronic
Urinary Bladder / drug effects,  pathology
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
0/Oligosaccharides; 0/Pectins; 9000-69-5/pectin

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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