| Safety and Tolerability of Early Noninvasive Ventilatory Correction Using Bilevel Positive Airway Pressure in Acute Ischemic Stroke. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 21372308 Owner: NLM Status: Publisher |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Hypercapnia can induce intracranial blood-flow steal from ischemic brain tissues, and early initiation of noninvasive ventilator correction (NIVC) may improve cerebral hemodynamics in acute ischemic stroke. We sought to determine safety and tolerability of NIVC initiated on hospital admission without polysomnography study. Subjects and METHODS: Consecutive acute ischemic stroke patients were evaluated for the presence of a proximal arterial occlusion, daytime sleepiness, or history of obstructive sleep apnea, and acceptable pulse oximetry readings while awake (96%-100% on 2 to 4 L supplemental oxygen delivered by nasal cannula). NIVC was started on hospital admission as standard of care when considered necessary by treating physicians. NIVC was initiated using bilevel positive airway pressure at 10 cmH(2)O inspiratory positive airway pressure and 5 cmH(2)O expiratory positive airway pressure in combination with 40% fraction of inspired oxygen. All potential adverse events were prospectively documented. RESULTS: Among 356 acute ischemic stroke patients (median NIHSS score, 5; interquartile range, 2-13), 64 cases (18%) received NIVC (median NIHSS score, 12; interquartile range, 6-17). Baseline stroke severity was higher and proximal arterial occlusions were more frequent in NIVC patients compared to the rest (P<0.001). NIVC was not tolerated by 4 patients (7%). Adverse events in NIVC included vomiting (n=1), aspiration pneumonia (n=1), respiratory failure/intubation (n=1), hypotension requiring pressors (n=1), and facial skin breakdown (n=3). The in-hospital mortality rate was 13% in NIVC patients and 8% in the rest (P=0.195). Neurological improvement during hospitalization tended to be greater in the NIVC group (median NIHSS score decrease, 2 points; interquartile range, 0-4) compared to the rest (median NIHSS score decrease, 1; interquartile range, 0-2; P=0.078). CONCLUSIONS: In acute ischemic stroke patients with proximal arterial occlusion and excessive sleepiness or obstructive sleep apnea, NIVC can be initiated early with good tolerability and a relatively small risk of serious complications. |
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Authors:
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Georgios Tsivgoulis; Yi Zhang; Anne W Alexandrov; Mark R Harrigan; April Sisson; Limin Zhao; Mary Brethour; Luis Cava; Clotilde Balucani; Kristian Barlinn; Damon E Patterson; Jennifer Dewolfe; Andrei V Alexandrov |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: JOURNAL ARTICLE Date: 2011-3-3 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Stroke; a journal of cerebral circulation Volume: - ISSN: 1524-4628 ISO Abbreviation: - Publication Date: 2011 Mar |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2011-3-4 Completed Date: - Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 0235266 Medline TA: Stroke Country: - |
Other Details:
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Languages: ENG Pagination: - Citation Subset: - |
Affiliation:
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From the Comprehensive Stroke Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham Hospital, Birmingham, AL; Department of Neurology, Democritus University of Thrace, School of Medicine, Alexandroupolis, Greece; Division of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham Hospital, Birmingham, AL; Sleep Medicine and Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham Hospital, Birmingham, AL. |
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