| The SLC6 orphans are forming a family of amino acid transporters. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 16540203 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Transporters in the human genome are grouped in solute carrier families (SLC). The SLC6 family is one of the biggest transporter families in the human genome comprising 20 members. It is usually referred to as the neurotransmitter transporter family because its founding members encode transporters for the neurotransmitters GABA, noradrenaline, serotonin and dopamine. The family also includes a number of 'orphan' transporters, the function of which has remained elusive until recently. Identification of the broadly specific neutral amino acid transporter SLC6A19 (also called B(0)AT1) suggested that all orphan transporters may in fact be amino acid transporters. This was subsequently confirmed by the identification of SLC6A20 as the long-sought IMINO system, a proline transporter found in kidney, intestine and brain. Very recently, SLC6A15 was identified as the neutral amino acid transporter B(0)AT2. All amino acid transporters appear to cotransport only 1Na(+) together with the amino acid substrate. Both, B(0)AT1 and B(0)AT2 are chloride independent, whereas IMINO is chloride dependent. The amino acid transporters of the SLC6 family are functionally and sequence related to the recently crystallized leucine transporter from Aquifex aeolicus. The structure elegantly explains many of the mechanistic features of the SLC6 amino acid transporters. |
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Authors:
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Stefan Bröer |
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6850413 - Na+-independent exchange of amino acids in ehrlich cells. 17167413 - Essential role for collectrin in renal amino acid transport. 7374383 - The effect of dietary fat on the fatty acid composition of lipids secreted in rats' milk. |
Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review Date: 2006-03-15 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Neurochemistry international Volume: 48 ISSN: 0197-0186 ISO Abbreviation: Neurochem. Int. Publication Date: 2006 May-Jun |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2006-04-04 Completed Date: 2006-06-09 Revised Date: 2006-11-15 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 8006959 Medline TA: Neurochem Int Country: England |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 559-67 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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School of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Building 41, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. stefan.broeer@anu.edu.au |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Amino Acid Transport Systems, Neutral
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chemistry,
genetics,
physiology* Animals Genome, Human Humans Membrane Transport Proteins / chemistry, genetics, physiology Nerve Tissue Proteins / chemistry, genetics, physiology Neurotransmitter Transport Proteins / chemistry, physiology Organ Specificity Plasma Membrane Neurotransmitter Transport Proteins / chemistry, genetics, physiology Protein Conformation |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Amino Acid Transport Systems, Neutral; 0/Membrane Transport Proteins; 0/Nerve Tissue Proteins; 0/Neurotransmitter Transport Proteins; 0/Plasma Membrane Neurotransmitter Transport Proteins; 0/SLC6A15 protein, human; 0/SLC6A16 protein, human; 0/SLC6A19 protein, human; 0/SLC6A20 protein, human; 0/Xtrp3 protein, rat |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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