| Runoff phosphorus losses as related to phosphorus source, application method, and application rate on a Piedmont soil. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 15254125 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Land application of animal manures and fertilizers has resulted in an increased potential for excessive P losses in runoff to nutrient-sensitive surface waters. The purpose of this research was to measure P losses in runoff from a bare Piedmont soil in the southeastern United States receiving broiler litter or inorganic P fertilizer either incorporated or surface-applied at varying P application rates (inorganic P, 0-110 kg P ha(-1); broiler litter, 0-82 kg P ha(-1)). Rainfall simulation was applied at a rate of 76 mm h(-1). Runoff samples were collected at 5-min intervals for 30 min and analyzed for reactive phosphorus (RP), algal-available phosphorus (AAP), and total phosphorus (TP). Incorporation of both P sources resulted in P losses not significantly different than the unfertilized control at all application rates. Incorporation of broiler litter decreased flow-weighted concentration of RP in runoff by 97% and mass loss of TP in runoff by 88% compared with surface application. Surface application of broiler litter resulted in runoff containing between 2.3 and 21.8 mg RP L(-1) for application rates of 8 to 82 kg P ha(-1), respectively. Mass loss of TP in runoff from surface-applied broiler litter ranged from 1.3 to 8.5 kg P ha(-1) over the same application rates. Flow-weighted concentrations of RP and mass losses of TP in runoff were not related to application rate when inorganic P fertilizer was applied to the soil surface. Results for this study can be used by P loss assessment tools to fine-tune P source, application rate, and application method site factors, and to estimate extreme-case P loss from cropland receiving broiler litter and inorganic P fertilizers. |
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Authors:
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David D Tarkalson; Robert L Mikkelsen |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Journal of environmental quality Volume: 33 ISSN: 0047-2425 ISO Abbreviation: J. Environ. Qual. Publication Date: 2004 Jul-Aug |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2004-07-15 Completed Date: 2005-01-14 Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 0330666 Medline TA: J Environ Qual Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 1424-30 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, West Central Research and Extension Center, 461 West University Drive, North Platte, NE 69101, USA. dtarkalson2@unl.edu |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Agriculture Algae / physiology Animals Biological Availability Chickens Fertilizers* Manure Phosphorus / analysis* Rain Refuse Disposal Soil Pollutants / analysis* Water Movements Water Pollutants / analysis* |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Fertilizers; 0/Manure; 0/Soil Pollutants; 0/Water Pollutants; 7723-14-0/Phosphorus |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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