| Rumen microbial population dynamics during adaptation to a high-grain diet. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 20851965 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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High-grain adaptation programs are widely used with feedlot cattle to balance enhanced growth performance against the risk of acidosis. This adaptation to a high-grain diet from a high-forage diet is known to change the rumen microbial population structure and help establish a stable microbial population within the rumen. Therefore, to evaluate bacterial population dynamics during adaptation to a high-grain diet, 4 ruminally cannulated beef steers were adapted to a high-grain diet using a step-up diet regimen containing grain and hay at ratios of 20:80, 40:60, 60:40, and 80:20. The rumen bacterial populations were evaluated at each stage of the step-up diet after 1 week of adaptation, before the steers were transitioned to the next stage of the diet, using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis, 16S rRNA gene libraries, and quantitative real-time PCR. The T-RFLP analysis displayed a shift in the rumen microbial population structure during the final two stages of the step-up diet. The 16S rRNA gene libraries demonstrated two distinct rumen microbial populations in hay-fed and high-grain-fed animals and detected only 24 common operational taxonomic units out of 398 and 315, respectively. The 16S rRNA gene libraries of hay-fed animals contained a significantly higher number of bacteria belonging to the phylum Fibrobacteres, whereas the 16S rRNA gene libraries of grain-fed animals contained a significantly higher number of bacteria belonging to the phylum Bacteroidetes. Real-time PCR analysis detected significant fold increases in the Megasphaera elsdenii, Streptococcus bovis, Selenomonas ruminantium, and Prevotella bryantii populations during adaptation to the high-concentrate (high-grain) diet, whereas the Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens and Fibrobacter succinogenes populations gradually decreased as the animals were adapted to the high-concentrate diet. This study evaluates the rumen microbial population using several molecular approaches and presents a broader picture of the rumen microbial population structure during adaptation to a high-grain diet from a forage diet. |
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Authors:
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S C Fernando; H T Purvis; F Z Najar; L O Sukharnikov; C R Krehbiel; T G Nagaraja; B A Roe; U Desilva |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Date: 2010-09-17 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Applied and environmental microbiology Volume: 76 ISSN: 1098-5336 ISO Abbreviation: Appl. Environ. Microbiol. Publication Date: 2010 Nov |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2010-11-08 Completed Date: 2011-02-22 Revised Date: 2011-07-28 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 7605801 Medline TA: Appl Environ Microbiol Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 7482-90 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Department of Animal Science, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA. |
| Data Bank Information | |
Bank Name/Acc. No.:
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Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Animals Bacteria / classification*, genetics* Biodiversity* Cattle Cereals Cluster Analysis DNA Fingerprinting DNA, Bacterial / chemistry, genetics DNA, Ribosomal / chemistry, genetics Diet / methods* Metagenome* Molecular Sequence Data Phylogeny Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / genetics Rumen / microbiology* Sequence Analysis, DNA |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/DNA, Bacterial; 0/DNA, Ribosomal; 0/RNA, Ribosomal, 16S |
| Comments/Corrections | |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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