| Rotational biomechanics of the elite golf swing: benchmarks for amateurs. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 21844613 Owner: NLM Status: In-Data-Review |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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The purpose of this study was to determine biomechanical factors that may influence golf swing power generation. Three-dimensional kinematics and kinetics were examined in 10 professional and 5 amateur male golfers. Upper-torso rotation, pelvic rotation, X-factor (relative hip-shoulder rotation), O-factor (pelvic obliquity), S-factor (shoulder obliquity), and normalized free moment were assessed in relation to clubhead speed at impact (CSI). Among professional golfers, results revealed that peak free moment per kilogram, peak X-factor, and peak S-factor were highly consistent, with coefficients of variation of 6.8%, 7.4%, and 8.4%, respectively. Downswing was initiated by reversal of pelvic rotation, followed by reversal of upper-torso rotation. Peak X-factor preceded peak free moment in all swings for all golfers, and occurred during initial downswing. Peak free moment per kilogram, X-factor at impact, peak X-factor, and peak upper-torso rotation were highly correlated to CSI (median correlation coefficients of 0.943, 0.943, 0.900, and 0.900, respectively). Benchmark curves revealed kinematic and kinetic temporal and spatial differences of amateurs compared with professional golfers. For amateurs, the number of factors that fell outside 1-2 standard deviations of professional means increased with handicap. This study identified biomechanical factors highly correlated to golf swing power generation and may provide a basis for strategic training and injury prevention. |
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Authors:
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David W Meister; Amy L Ladd; Erin E Butler; Betty Zhao; Andrew P Rogers; Conrad J Ray; Jessica Rose |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Journal of applied biomechanics Volume: 27 ISSN: 1065-8483 ISO Abbreviation: J Appl Biomech Publication Date: 2011 Aug |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2011-08-16 Completed Date: - Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 9315240 Medline TA: J Appl Biomech Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 242-51 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, and the Motion & Gait Analysis Laboratory, Lucile Packard Children's Hospital, Palo Alto, CA. |
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From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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