| Role of vasopressin in essential hypertension: racial differences. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 9170008 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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BACKGROUND: Arginine vasopressin (AVP), in addition to being an antidiuretic hormone, might also have pressor effects relevant to the maintenance of hypertension. Results from several experimental and clinical studies suggested that the pressor function of AVP is more important in low-renin hypertension and in the salt-loaded state and that it might be further maximized under sympathetic suppression. OBJECTIVE: To assess whether selective vasopressin receptor inhibition lowers the blood pressure in a racially diverse group of low-renin hypertensive subjects. METHODS: Thirty-nine hypertensive subjects (16 Caucasian, 23 African-American) eating a 200 mmol/day sodium diet were administered a single intravenous dose of a selective vasopressin receptor antagonist and their blood pressure was monitored constantly for the ensuing 3 h. The protocol was repeated 3 days later after treatment with a single oral dose of 0.4 mg clonidine. RESULTS: Of these patients, 54% had their blood sampled for determination of hormone profiles. African-Americans with hypertension had higher baseline plasma AVP levels than did Caucasians (1.13 +/- 0.05 versus 0.37 +/- 0.06 pg/ml, respectively, P < 0.05), and lower plasma renin activity (0.34 +/- 0.07 versus 1.03 +/- 0.08 ng/ml per h, respectively, P < 0.05). Selective vasopressin receptor inhibition lowered the mean arterial pressure in African-Americans but not that in Caucasians (lowering by 28 +/- 4 mmHg in African-Americans versus lowering by 5 +/- 3 mmHg in Caucasians, P < 0.05). Moreover, vasopressin receptor blockade further reduced the arterial pressure in African-Americans but not that in Caucasians after pretreatment with clonidine. CONCLUSION: AVP seems to play a more important role as a pressor hormone in maintaining the elevation of arterial pressure in African-American hypertensives than it does in Caucasian hypertensives. |
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Authors:
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G Bakris; M Bursztyn; I Gavras; M Bresnahan; H Gavras |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Journal of hypertension Volume: 15 ISSN: 0263-6352 ISO Abbreviation: J. Hypertens. Publication Date: 1997 May |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 1997-08-11 Completed Date: 1997-08-11 Revised Date: 2008-08-16 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 8306882 Medline TA: J Hypertens Country: ENGLAND |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 545-50 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Department of Medicine, Ochsner Medical Institutions, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA. |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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African Continental Ancestry Group* Arginine Vasopressin / analogs & derivatives, blood, pharmacology, physiology* Blood Pressure / drug effects, physiology European Continental Ancestry Group* Female Hormone Antagonists / pharmacology Humans Hypertension / etiology*, physiopathology Kidney / physiopathology Male Middle Aged Receptors, Vasopressin / antagonists & inhibitors Renin / blood |
| Grant Support | |
ID/Acronym/Agency:
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HL48318/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS; RR 533/RR/NCRR NIH HHS |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Hormone Antagonists; 0/Receptors, Vasopressin; 113-79-1/Arginine Vasopressin; 73168-24-8/vasopressin, 1-(1-mercaptocyclohexaneacetic acid)-2-(O- methyl-L-tyrosine)-8-L-arginine-; EC 3.4.23.15/Renin |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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