| Role of oxygen in phagocyte microbicidal action. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 7705297 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Immune information in the form of inflammatory mediators directs phagocyte locomotion and increases expression of opsonin receptors such that contact with an opsonized microbe results in receptor ligation and activation of microbicidal metabolism. Carbohydrate dehydrogenation and O2 consumption feed reactions that effectively lower the spin quantum number (S) of O2 from 1 to 1/2 and finally to 0. Oxidase-catalyzed univalent reduction of O2 (S = 1; triplet multiplicity) yields hydrodioxylic acid (HO2) and its conjugate base superoxide, O2- (S = 1/2; doublet multiplicity). Acid or enzymatic disproportionation of superoxide yields H2O2 (S = 0; singlet multiplicity). Haloperoxidase catalyzes H2O2-dependent oxidation of Cl- yielding HOCl (S = 0), and reaction of HOCl with H2O2 yields singlet molecular oxygen, 1O2 (S = 0; singlet multiplicity). The Wigner spin conservation rule restricts direct reaction of S = 1 O2 with S = 0 organic molecules. Lowering the S of O2 overcomes this spin restriction and allows microbicidal combustion. High exergonicity dioxygenation reactions yield electronically excited carbonyl products that relax by photon emission, i.e., phagocyte luminescence. Addition of high quantum yield substrates susceptible to spin allowed dioxygenation, i.e., chemiluminigenic substrates, greatly increases detection sensitivity and defines the nature of the oxygenating agent. Measurement of luminescence allows high sensitivity, real-time, and substrate-specific differential analysis of phagocyte dioxygenating activities. Under assay conditions where immune mediator and opsonin exposure are controlled, luminescence analysis of the initial phase of opsonin-stimulated oxygenation activity allows functional assessment of the opsonin receptor expression per circulating phagocyte and can be used to gauge the in vivo state of immune activation. |
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Authors:
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R C Allen |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Review |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Environmental health perspectives Volume: 102 Suppl 10 ISSN: 0091-6765 ISO Abbreviation: Environ. Health Perspect. Publication Date: 1994 Dec |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 1995-05-10 Completed Date: 1995-05-10 Revised Date: 2010-09-10 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 0330411 Medline TA: Environ Health Perspect Country: UNITED STATES |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 201-8 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Research and Development Division, ExOxEmis, Inc., Little Rock, Arkansas. |
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Animals Antibiosis* Humans Models, Biological Oxidation-Reduction Oxygen / metabolism, physiology* Phagocytes / metabolism, physiology* Receptors, Immunologic / metabolism |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Receptors, Immunologic; 0/opsonin receptor; 7782-44-7/Oxygen |
| Comments/Corrections | |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
| Full Text | |
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Journal Information Journal ID (nlm-ta): Environ Health Perspect ISSN: 0091-6765 |
Article Information Download PDF  Print publication date: Month: 12 Year: 1994 Volume: 102 Issue: Suppl 10 First Page: 201 Last Page: 208 ID: 1566986 PubMed Id: 7705297 |
| Role of oxygen in phagocyte microbicidal action. | |
| R C Allen | |
| Research and Development Division, ExOxEmis, Inc., Little Rock, Arkansas. |
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