Document Detail


Role of mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase in nitroglycerin-induced vasodilation of coronary and systemic vessels: an intact canine model.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  15289380     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
BACKGROUND: It has recently been shown that mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (mtALDH) catalyzes the formation of 1,2-glyceryl dinitrate and nitrite from nitroglycerin (glyceryl trinitrate [GTN]) within mitochondria, leading to production of cGMP and vasorelaxation. However, whether this mechanism operates in the systemic and coronary beds that subserve the antianginal action of GTN is not known. In this study, we address this question in an intact canine model. METHODS AND RESULTS: Fourteen healthy mongrel dogs (weight, 20 to 25 kg) were studied. Coronary blood flow and hemodynamics were continuously monitored by a pulse Doppler flow probe implanted around the left circumflex coronary artery and with catheters in left ventricle and aorta, respectively. Each dog was given a 1-mL bolus injection of GTN, sodium nitroprusside (SNP), or adenosine through a catheter in the left atrium before and 30 minutes after infusion of cyanamide (17 mg/kg), an inhibitor of mtALDH. Cyanamide significantly inhibited both the classic dehydrogenase and GTN reductase activities of mtALDH in situ and attenuated the coronary blood flow increase and declines in blood pressure and left ventricular end-diastolic pressure produced by GTN in vivo. In contrast, mtALDH inhibition had no effect on the coronary and systemic effects of SNP and adenosine. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that mtALDH contributes to GTN biotransformation in vivo and thus at least partly underlies the antianginal mechanism of drug action. Our findings also highlight the differences in biometabolism of clinically relevant nitrosovasodilators.
Authors:
Jian Zhang; Zhiqiang Chen; Frederick R Cobb; Jonathan S Stamler
Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article     Date:  2004-08-02
Journal Detail:
Title:  Circulation     Volume:  110     ISSN:  1524-4539     ISO Abbreviation:  Circulation     Publication Date:  2004 Aug 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2004-08-10     Completed Date:  2005-02-08     Revised Date:  -    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  0147763     Medline TA:  Circulation     Country:  United States    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  750-5     Citation Subset:  AIM; IM    
Affiliation:
Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Adenosine / pharmacology
Aldehyde Dehydrogenase / physiology*
Animals
Biotransformation / drug effects
Blood Pressure / drug effects
Coronary Circulation / drug effects*
Cyanamide / pharmacology
Cyclic GMP / biosynthesis
Diastole
Dogs
Mitochondria / enzymology*
Nitrites / metabolism
Nitroglycerin / analogs & derivatives*,  metabolism,  pharmacokinetics*
Nitroprusside / pharmacology
Vasodilation / drug effects*,  physiology
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
0/Nitrites; 15078-28-1/Nitroprusside; 27321-62-6/dinitroglycerol; 420-04-2/Cyanamide; 55-63-0/Nitroglycerin; 58-61-7/Adenosine; 7665-99-8/Cyclic GMP; EC 1.2.1.3/Aldehyde Dehydrogenase

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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