| Role of colonic short-chain fatty acid transport in diarrhea. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 20148677 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) are the major anion in stool and are synthesized from nonabsorbed carbohydrate by the colonic microbiota. Nonabsorbed carbohydrate are not absorbed in the colon and induce an osmotically mediated diarrhea; in contrast, SCFA are absorbed by colonic epithelial cells and stimulate Na-dependent fluid absorption via a cyclic AMP-independent process involving apical membrane Na-H, SCFA-HCO(3), and Cl-SCFA exchanges. SCFA production represents an adaptive process to conserve calories, fluid, and electrolytes. Inhibition of SCFA synthesis by antibiotics and administration of PEG, a substance that is not metabolized by colonic microbiota, both result in diarrhea. In contrast, increased production of SCFA as a result of providing starch that is relatively resistant to amylase digestion [so-called resistant starch (RS)] to oral rehydration solution (RS-ORS) improves the efficacy of ORS and represents an important approach to improve the effectiveness of ORS in the treatment of acute diarrhea in children under five years of age. |
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Authors:
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Henry J Binder |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Review |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Annual review of physiology Volume: 72 ISSN: 1545-1585 ISO Abbreviation: Annu. Rev. Physiol. Publication Date: 2010 |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2010-02-12 Completed Date: 2010-05-04 Revised Date: 2012-03-22 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 0370600 Medline TA: Annu Rev Physiol Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 297-313 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Departments of Internal Medicine and Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA. henry.binder@yale.edu |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Animals Biological Transport, Active / physiology Colon / metabolism* Cyclic AMP / physiology Diarrhea / metabolism* Fatty Acids, Volatile / metabolism*, pharmacology Fluid Therapy Humans Intestinal Absorption Osmotic Pressure Sodium / metabolism Sodium-Hydrogen Antiporter / physiology |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Fatty Acids, Volatile; 0/Sodium-Hydrogen Antiporter; 60-92-4/Cyclic AMP; 7440-23-5/Sodium |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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