| Role of activation-induced deaminase protein kinase A phosphorylation sites in Ig gene conversion and somatic hypermutation. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 17911613 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Activation-induced deaminase (AID) is thought to initiate somatic hypermutation (SHM), gene conversion (GCV), and class switch recombination (CSR) by the transcription-coupled deamination of cytosine residues in Ig genes. Phosphorylation of AID by protein kinase A (PKA) and subsequent interaction of AID with replication protein A (RPA) have been proposed to play important roles in allowing AID to deaminate DNA during transcription. Serine 38 (S38) of mouse AID is phosphorylated in vivo and lies in a consensus target site for PKA, and mutation of this residue interferes with CSR and SHM. In this study, we demonstrate that S38 in mouse and chicken AID is phosphorylated in chicken DT40 cells and is required for efficient GCV and SHM in these cells. Paradoxically, zebra fish AID, which lacks a serine at the position corresponding to S38, has previously been shown to be active for CSR and we demonstrate that it is active for GCV/SHM. Aspartate 44 (D44) of zebra fish AID has been proposed to compensate for the absence of the S38 phosphorylation site but we demonstrate that mutation of D44 has no effect on GCV/SHM. Some features of zebra fish AID other than D44 might compensate for the absence of S38. Alternatively, the zebra fish protein might function in a manner that is independent of PKA and RPA in DT40 cells, raising the possibility that, under some circumstances, AID mediates efficient Ig gene diversification without the assistance of RPA. |
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Authors:
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Monalisa Chatterji; Shyam Unniraman; Kevin M McBride; David G Schatz |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) Volume: 179 ISSN: 0022-1767 ISO Abbreviation: J. Immunol. Publication Date: 2007 Oct |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2007-10-03 Completed Date: 2007-11-30 Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 2985117R Medline TA: J Immunol Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 5274-80 Citation Subset: AIM; IM |
Affiliation:
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Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA. |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Amino Acid Sequence Amino Acid Substitution / genetics, immunology Animals Avian Proteins / biosynthesis, genetics, metabolism Cell Line Chickens Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases / metabolism*, physiology Cytidine Deaminase / deficiency, genetics, metabolism* Enzyme Activation / immunology Gene Conversion / immunology* Genes, Immunoglobulin* Humans Mice Molecular Sequence Data Phosphorylation Serine / genetics, metabolism Somatic Hypermutation, Immunoglobulin / immunology* Zebrafish Proteins / genetics, metabolism |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Avian Proteins; 0/Zebrafish Proteins; 56-45-1/Serine; EC 2.7.11.11/Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; EC 3.5.4.-/AICDA (activation-induced cytidine deaminase); EC 3.5.4.5/Cytidine Deaminase |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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