| Role of toll-like receptors in cardiovascular diseases. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 21413930 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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The discovery and characterization of the TLR (Toll-like receptor) family has led to a better understanding of the innate immune system. The strategy of innate immune recognition is based on the detection of constitutive and conserved products of micro-organisms. However, host molecules that are released during injury can also activate TLRs. Engagement of TLRs by microbial or host-derived molecules induces the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, which may have both beneficial and detrimental effects on the host. In addition to being expressed in immune cells, TLRs are expressed in other tissues such as those of the cardiovascular system. In the present review, the role of TLRs in septic cardiomyopathy, viral myocarditis, atherosclerosis, ischaemia/reperfusion injury and cardiac remodelling after myocardial infarction are outlined, with attention paid to genetically modified murine models. Although much has been learned about stress-induced TLR activation in the tissues of the cardiovascular system, the role of individual TLRs in initiating and integrating homoeostatic responses within the heart remains to be defined. Accumulating evidence indicates that TLRs may play an important role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, viral myocarditis, dilated cardiomyopathy, cardiac allograft rejection and sepsis-induced left ventricular dysfunction. Moreover, heart failure of diverse aetiology is also now recognized to have an important immune component, with TLR signalling influencing the process of cardiac remodelling and prognosis. In the present review, we outline the biology of TLRs as well as the current experimental and clinical evidence for the role of TLRs in cardiovascular diseases. |
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Authors:
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Jesus G Vallejo |
Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Review |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Clinical science (London, England : 1979) Volume: 121 ISSN: 1470-8736 ISO Abbreviation: Clin. Sci. Publication Date: 2011 Jul |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2011-03-18 Completed Date: 2011-06-02 Revised Date: 2011-10-20 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 7905731 Medline TA: Clin Sci (Lond) Country: England |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 1-10 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, 77030, USA. jvallejo@bcm.tmc.edu |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Animals Cardiovascular Diseases / immunology*, microbiology Disease Models, Animal Heart Failure / immunology Infection / complications, immunology Mice Myocardial Reperfusion Injury / immunology Signal Transduction / immunology Toll-Like Receptors / immunology* |
| Grant Support | |
ID/Acronym/Agency:
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HL083426/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Toll-Like Receptors |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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