| Role of Melatonin and its Receptors in the Vertebrate Retina. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 23273863 Owner: NLM Status: Publisher |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Melatonin is a chemical signal of darkness that is produced by retinal photoreceptors and pinealocytes. In the retina, melatonin diffuses from the photoreceptors to bind to specific receptors on a variety of inner retinal neurons to modify their activity. Potential target cells for melatonin in the inner retina are amacrine cells, bipolar cells, horizontal cells, and ganglion cells. Melatonin inhibits the release of dopamine from amacrine cells and increases the light sensitivity of horizontal cells. Melatonin receptor subtypes show differential, cell-specific patterns of expression that are likely to underlie differential functional modulation of specific retinal pathways. Melatonin potentiates rod signals to ON-type bipolar cells, via activation of the melatonin MT2 (Mel1b) receptor, suggesting that melatonin modulates the function of specific retinal circuits based on the differential distribution of its receptors. The selective and differential expression of melatonin receptor subtypes in cone circuits suggest a conserved function for melatonin in enhancing transmission from rods to second-order neurons and thus promote dark adaptation. |
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Authors:
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Allan F Wiechmann; David M Sherry |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: JOURNAL ARTICLE |
Journal Detail:
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Title: International review of cell and molecular biology Volume: 300C ISSN: 1937-6448 ISO Abbreviation: Int Rev Cell Mol Biol Publication Date: 2013 |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2012-12-31 Completed Date: - Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 101475846 Medline TA: Int Rev Cell Mol Biol Country: - |
Other Details:
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Languages: ENG Pagination: 211-242 Citation Subset: - |
Copyright Information:
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Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. |
Affiliation:
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Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA. |
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