| The role of adipose tissue and lipotoxicity in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 20556549 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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The widespread epidemics of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) suggest that both conditions are closely linked. An increasing body of evidence has shifted our view of adipose tissue from a passive energy depot to a dynamic "endocrine organ" that tightly regulates nutritional balance by means of a complex crosstalk of adipocytes with their microenvironment. Dysfunctional adipose tissue, particularly as observed in obesity, is characterized by adipocyte hypertrophy, macrophage infiltration, impaired insulin signaling, and insulin resistance. The result is the release of a host of inflammatory adipokines and excessive amounts of free fatty acids that promote ectopic fat deposition and lipotoxicity in muscle, liver, and pancreatic beta cells. This review focuses on recent work on how glucose homeostasis is profoundly altered by distressed adipose tissue. A better understanding of this relationship offers the best chance for early intervention strategies aimed at preventing the burden of T2DM. |
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Authors:
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Kenneth Cusi |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.; Review |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Current diabetes reports Volume: 10 ISSN: 1539-0829 ISO Abbreviation: Curr. Diab. Rep. Publication Date: 2010 Aug |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2010-06-24 Completed Date: 2010-09-23 Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 101093791 Medline TA: Curr Diab Rep Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 306-15 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Diabetes Division, Room 3.380S, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78284-3900, USA. cusi@uthscsa.edu |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Adipokines
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metabolism Adipose Tissue / metabolism* Animals Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / etiology*, metabolism*, physiopathology Fatty Acids / metabolism Humans Insulin Resistance / physiology Obesity / etiology, metabolism |
| Grant Support | |
ID/Acronym/Agency:
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1RR025767/RR/NCRR NIH HHS |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Adipokines; 0/Fatty Acids |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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