Document Detail


The role of adipose tissue and lipotoxicity in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  20556549     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
The widespread epidemics of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) suggest that both conditions are closely linked. An increasing body of evidence has shifted our view of adipose tissue from a passive energy depot to a dynamic "endocrine organ" that tightly regulates nutritional balance by means of a complex crosstalk of adipocytes with their microenvironment. Dysfunctional adipose tissue, particularly as observed in obesity, is characterized by adipocyte hypertrophy, macrophage infiltration, impaired insulin signaling, and insulin resistance. The result is the release of a host of inflammatory adipokines and excessive amounts of free fatty acids that promote ectopic fat deposition and lipotoxicity in muscle, liver, and pancreatic beta cells. This review focuses on recent work on how glucose homeostasis is profoundly altered by distressed adipose tissue. A better understanding of this relationship offers the best chance for early intervention strategies aimed at preventing the burden of T2DM.
Authors:
Kenneth Cusi
Related Documents :
19698199 - N-3 pufa: bioavailability and modulation of adipose tissue function.
11042539 - Differences of subcutaneous adipose tissue topography in type-2 diabetic (niddm) women ...
5075229 - Effects of carbohydrate availability on lipogenesis in sheep.
11594239 - Pioglitazone: mechanism of action.
3918399 - Reversal of insulin resistance in adipose tissue of non-insulin-dependent diabetics by ...
7791519 - Agmatine, the bacterial amine, is widely distributed in mammalian tissues.
20228679 - Effects of exogenous glucagon-like peptide-1 on gastric emptying and glucose absorption...
6219019 - Complications of pregnancy and fetal development.
15649579 - Chorea and broca aphasia induced by diabetic ketoacidosis in a type 1 diabetic patient ...
Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.; Review    
Journal Detail:
Title:  Current diabetes reports     Volume:  10     ISSN:  1539-0829     ISO Abbreviation:  Curr. Diab. Rep.     Publication Date:  2010 Aug 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2010-06-24     Completed Date:  2010-09-23     Revised Date:  -    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  101093791     Medline TA:  Curr Diab Rep     Country:  United States    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  306-15     Citation Subset:  IM    
Affiliation:
The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Diabetes Division, Room 3.380S, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78284-3900, USA. cusi@uthscsa.edu
Export Citation:
APA/MLA Format     Download EndNote     Download BibTex
MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Adipokines / metabolism
Adipose Tissue / metabolism*
Animals
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / etiology*,  metabolism*,  physiopathology
Fatty Acids / metabolism
Humans
Insulin Resistance / physiology
Obesity / etiology,  metabolism
Grant Support
ID/Acronym/Agency:
1RR025767/RR/NCRR NIH HHS
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
0/Adipokines; 0/Fatty Acids

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


Previous Document:  Optical Coherence Tomography Imaging for Diabetic Retinopathy and Macular Edema.
Next Document:  Backbone 1H, 15N, 13C and Ile, Leu, Val methyl chemical shift assignments for the 33.5 kDa N-termina...