| Risperidone normalizes increased inflammatory parameters and restores anti-inflammatory pathways in a model of neuroinflammation. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 22176740 Owner: NLM Status: Publisher |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Inflammation, caused by both external and endogenous factors, has been implicated as a main pathophysiological feature of chronic mental illnesses, including schizophrenia. An increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines has been described both in experimental models and in schizophrenia patients. However, not much is known about the effects that antipsychotic drugs have on intra- and intercellular mechanisms controlling inflammation. The aim of the present study was to investigate the possible anti-inflammatory effect of a standard schizophrenia treatment not only at the level of soluble mediators, but also at intra- and intercellular inflammatory pathways. The present study was conducted in a model of mild neuroinflammation using a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge that was not an endotoxaemic dose (0.5 mg/kg i.p.) in young adult rats. Main results: single doses of risperidone (0.3-3.0 mg/kg i.p.) prevented increased inflammatory parameters induced by LPS in brain cortex [expression of inflammatory cytokines, interleukin (IL)-1β and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, activity of the inducible inflammatory enzymes nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and inflammatory nuclear transcription factor κB] and restored anti-inflammatory pathways decreased by LPS challenge (deoxyprostaglandins and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ). This is the first study demonstrating that risperidone elicits a preventive effect on the anti-inflammatory arm of the homeostatic mechanism controlling inflammation in a model of mild encephalitis in rats. Our findings suggest a possible protective effect of risperidone on brain cells. |
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Authors:
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Karina S Macdowell; Borja García-Bueno; José L M Madrigal; Mara Parellada; Celso Arango; Juan A Micó; Juan C Leza |
Publication Detail:
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Type: JOURNAL ARTICLE Date: 2011-12-16 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology / official scientific journal of the Collegium Internationale Neuropsychopharmacologicum (CINP) Volume: - ISSN: 1469-5111 ISO Abbreviation: - Publication Date: 2011 Dec |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2011-12-19 Completed Date: - Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 9815893 Medline TA: Int J Neuropsychopharmacol Country: - |
Other Details:
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Languages: ENG Pagination: 1-15 Citation Subset: - |
Affiliation:
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Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain. |
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From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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