Document Detail


Riluzole protects Huntington disease patients from brain glucose hypometabolism and grey matter volume loss and increases production of neurotrophins.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  19280185     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
PURPOSE: Huntington disease (HD) mutation increases gain-of-toxic functions contributing to glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity. Riluzole interferes with glutamatergic neurotransmission, thereby reducing excitotoxicity, enhancing neurite formation in damaged motoneurons and increasing serum concentrations of BDNF, a brain cortex neurotrophin protecting striatal neurons from degeneration.
METHODS: We investigated metabolic and volumetric differences in distinct brain areas between 11 riluzole-treated and 12 placebo-treated patients by MRI and (18)F-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) PET scanning, according to fully automated protocols. We also investigated the influence of riluzole on peripheral growth factor blood levels.
RESULTS: Placebo-treated patients showed significantly greater proportional volume loss of grey matter and decrease in metabolic FDG uptake than patients treated with riluzole in all cortical areas (p<0.05). The decreased rate of metabolic FDG uptake correlated with worsening clinical scores in placebo-treated patients, compared to those who were treated with riluzole. The progressive decrease in metabolic FDG uptake observed in the frontal, parietal and occipital cortex correlated linearly with the severity of motor scores calculated by Unified Huntington Disease Rating Scale (UHDRS-I) in placebo-treated patients. Similarly, the rate of metabolic changes in the frontal and temporal areas of the brain cortex correlated linearly with worsening behavioural scores calculated by UHDRS-III in the placebo-treated patients. Finally, BDNF and transforming growth factor beta-1 serum levels were significantly higher in patients treated with riluzole.
CONCLUSION: The linear correlation between decreased metabolic FDG uptake and worsening clinical scores in the placebo-treated patients suggests that FDG-PET may be a valuable procedure to assess brain markers of HD.
Authors:
Ferdinando Squitieri; Sara Orobello; Milena Cannella; Tiziana Martino; Pantaleo Romanelli; Giampiero Giovacchini; Luigi Frati; Luigi Mansi; Andrea Ciarmiello
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Publication Detail:
Type:  Controlled Clinical Trial; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't     Date:  2009-03-11
Journal Detail:
Title:  European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging     Volume:  36     ISSN:  1619-7089     ISO Abbreviation:  Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging     Publication Date:  2009 Jul 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2009-06-05     Completed Date:  2009-08-13     Revised Date:  2011-11-24    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  101140988     Medline TA:  Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging     Country:  Germany    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  1113-20     Citation Subset:  IM    
Affiliation:
Neurogenetics Unit & Centre for Rare Disease, IRCCS Neuromed, Località Camerelle, 86077, Pozzilli, Italy. squitieri@neuromed.it
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Adult
Aged
Biological Markers / blood
Brain / drug effects*,  metabolism*,  pathology,  radionuclide imaging
Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 / diagnostic use
Glucose / metabolism*
Humans
Huntington Disease / blood,  drug therapy,  metabolism*,  pathology*
Linear Models
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Male
Middle Aged
Nerve Growth Factors / biosynthesis*,  blood
Placebos
Positron-Emission Tomography
Riluzole / pharmacology*,  therapeutic use
Grant Support
ID/Acronym/Agency:
GGP06181//Telethon
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
0/Biological Markers; 0/Nerve Growth Factors; 0/Placebos; 1744-22-5/Riluzole; 50-99-7/Glucose; 63503-12-8/Fluorodeoxyglucose F18

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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