Document Detail


Review of aldosterone- and angiotensin II-induced target organ damage and prevention.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  14985063     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
Aldosterone is well recognized as a cause of sodium reabsorption, water retention, and potassium and magnesium loss; however, it also produces a variety of other actions that lead to progressive target organ damage in the heart, vasculature, and kidneys. Aldosterone interacts with mineralocorticoid receptors to promote endothelial dysfunction, facilitate thrombosis, reduce vascular compliance, impair baroreceptor function, and cause myocardial and vascular fibrosis. Although angiotensin II has been considered the major mediator of cardiovascular damage, increasing evidence suggests that aldosterone may mediate and exacerbate the damaging effects of angiotensin II. While angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers reduce plasma aldosterone levels initially, aldosterone rebound, or 'escape' may occur during long-term therapy. Therefore, aldosterone blockade is required to reduce the risk of progressive target organ damage in patients with hypertension and heart failure. This may be achieved nonselectively with spironolactone or with use of the selective aldosterone blocker eplerenone. While both agents have been demonstrated to be effective antihypertensive agents, eplerenone may produce improved target organ protection as witnessed in a variety of clinical settings, without the antiandrogenic and progestational effects commonly observed with spironolactone.
Authors:
Allan D Struthers; Thomas M MacDonald
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Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article; Review    
Journal Detail:
Title:  Cardiovascular research     Volume:  61     ISSN:  0008-6363     ISO Abbreviation:  Cardiovasc. Res.     Publication Date:  2004 Mar 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2004-02-26     Completed Date:  2004-07-12     Revised Date:  2004-11-17    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  0077427     Medline TA:  Cardiovasc Res     Country:  Netherlands    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  663-70     Citation Subset:  IM    
Affiliation:
Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Tayside DD1 9SY, Dundee, UK. a.d.struthers@dundee.ac.uk
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Aldosterone / physiology*
Aldosterone Antagonists / therapeutic use
Angiotensin II / physiology*
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / therapeutic use
Animals
Cardiovascular Diseases / drug therapy,  metabolism*
Endothelium, Vascular / metabolism
Humans
Kidney / metabolism
Myocardium / metabolism*
Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2 / antagonists & inhibitors
Spironolactone / analogs & derivatives*,  therapeutic use
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
0/Aldosterone Antagonists; 0/Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; 0/Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2; 0/eplerenone; 11128-99-7/Angiotensin II; 52-01-7/Spironolactone; 52-39-1/Aldosterone

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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