| Reprint of "The developing oligodendrocyte: key cellular target in brain injury in the premature infant" | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 21802506 Owner: NLM Status: Publisher |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Brain injury in the premature infant, a problem of enormous importance, is associated with a high risk of neurodevelopmental disability. The major type of injury involves cerebral white matter and the principal cellular target is the developing oligodendrocyte. The specific phase of the oligodendroglial lineage affected has been defined from study of both human brain and experimental models. This premyelinating cell (pre-OL) is vulnerable because of a series of maturation-dependent events. The pathogenesis of pre-OL injury relates to operation of two upstream mechanisms, hypoxia-ischemia and systemic infection/inflammation, both of which are common occurrences in premature infants. The focus of this review and of our research over the past 15-20 years has been the cellular and molecular bases for the maturation-dependent vulnerability of the pre-OL to the action of the two upstream mechanisms. Three downstream mechanisms have been identified, i.e., microglial activation, excitotoxicity and free radical attack. The work in both experimental models and human brain has identified a remarkable confluence of maturation-dependent factors that render the pre-OL so exquisitely vulnerable to these downstream mechanisms. Most importantly, elucidation of these factors has led to delineation of a series of potential therapeutic interventions, which in experimental models show marked protective properties. The critical next step, i.e., clinical trials in the living infant, is now on the horizon. |
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Authors:
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Joseph J Volpe; Hannah C Kinney; Frances E Jensen; Paul A Rosenberg |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: JOURNAL ARTICLE Date: 2011-7-23 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: International journal of developmental neuroscience : the official journal of the International Society for Developmental Neuroscience Volume: - ISSN: 1873-474X ISO Abbreviation: - Publication Date: 2011 Jul |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2011-8-1 Completed Date: - Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 8401784 Medline TA: Int J Dev Neurosci Country: - |
Other Details:
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Languages: ENG Pagination: - Citation Subset: - |
Copyright Information:
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Copyright © 2011 ISDN. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
Affiliation:
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Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. |
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From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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